01. 4 курс Орг здрав англ леч
01.Historically conditioned type, kind of life or a certain way of doing things in the material and spiritual spheres of human activity these are:
   a) the image is a certain life;
   b)quality of life (WHO);
   c)lifestyle.
02.The organization of medical and statistical research includes all of the above except:
   a)preparation of (organizational) stage;
   b)collection of material;
   c)stage of statistical processing of the collected material;
   d)stage of data analysis,formulation of conclusions, recommendations and management decisions;
   e) final stage.
03.What method of studying public health makes it possible to gather information about the conditions and the lifestyle of the target population,based on questionnaires, interviews and survey?
   a) historical;
   b) the method of "expert assessments";
   c) economic;
   d) experimental;
   e) sociological.
04. In what group health can be attributed patients with long-standing chronic diseases?
   a) Group 1;
   b) Group 2;
   c) Group 3;
   d)Group 04.
05. By the definition of medical statistics are as follows:
   a)multidisciplinary science that studies the quantitative aspect of the public, mass phenomena in close connection with their qualitative features;
   b)the collection of digital data characterizing a particular social phenomenon or process;
   c)the figures themselves, describing phenomena or processes;
   d) branch of statistics that studies the quantitative aspect of mass phenomena and processes in medicine.
06. What method of studying public health includes the installation of various experiments to find new most rational forms and methods of health care?
   a) historical;
   b) the method of "expert assessments";
   c) economic;
   d) experimental;
   e) sociological.
07. What is the statistical population?
   a) a group consisting of a large number of relatively homogeneous elements,taken together, within certain limits of time and space;
   b)a group consisting of a large number of non-homogeneous elements,taken together,within certain limits of time and space;
   c)a group consisting of a small number of relatively homogeneous elements,taken together, within certain limits of time and space.
8.Which of the following indicators of individual health concerns-the totality of the individual's ability to adequately respond to the impact of external factors?
   a)Balance of health;
   b)the capacity of health;
   c)health care resources.
9.Specify all the risk factors associated with a high secondary:
   a)diabetes;
   b)alcohol abuse;
   c)arterial hypertension;
   d)smoking;
   e)hyperlipidemia and cholesterolemia.
10.Specify all the risk factors associated with a high secondary:
   a)poor nutrition;
   b)rheumatism;
   c)stress;
   d)allergy;
   e)immunodeficiencies.
101.Scheme-this:
   a)a graphic representation of statistical data in the form of points,lines,planes,using the figures;
   b)a map or her chart in wich a different color or shading shows the extent of any effects on different parts of the territory.
102.The best condition and the degree of perception of individuals and the general public on how to meet their needs (physical,emotional,social and so on), as well as providing opportunities for achieving well-being and self-realization-this:
   a) the image is a certain life:
   b)quality of life.
103. The preparatory stage of statistical research includes:
   a)the purpose and objectives of the study;
   b)plan and program of study;
   c)observation, survey data;
   d)encryption and grouping, counting and data entry in the table.
104. In what group health can be attributed patients with frequent acute diseases?
   a) Group 1;
   b) Group 2;
   c) Group 3;
   d)Group 04.
105. Statistics is?
   a)consider the health of society as a whole and in individual homogeneous his group;
   b)analyze data concerning the network of medical institutions, their activities and personnel;
   c)a multidisciplinary science that studies the quantitative aspect of the public, mass phenomena in close connection with their qualitative features.
106.What method of studying public health allows you to set the economic impact on the health and health care on the economy of thestate determine how best to ue public funds for the effectiveness of public health?
   a) historical;
   b) the method of "expert assessments";
   c) economic;
   d) experimental;
   e) sociological.
107.Requirements for the total sample:
   a)should be as close to the general population;
   b)must be an exact copy of the general population;
   c)should be sufficient volume to more accurately express a common set of features;
   d)volume irrelevant.
18. Which of the following indicators of individual health problems is moral, psychological and functional capacity of the organism to change the balance of health in a positive way?
   a)Balance of health;
   b)the capacity of health;
   c)health care resources.
19. What factors in 50% of cases affect the state of health population?
   a)socio-economic;
   b)the social and biological;
   c)environmental and climatic;
   d)organizational or medical.
20. Cartogram-this:
   a)a graphic representation of statistical data in the form of points,lines,planes,using the figures;
   b)a map or her chart in wich a different color or shading shows the extent of any effects on different parts of the territory.
201. Lifestyle factors on the nature of the activity:
   a)household activities;
   b)intellectual property;
   c)cultural events;
   d)employment;
   e)physical activity.
202. The program includes:
   a)theme,purpose,objectives, the unit of observation, the object of study;
   b)place of study;
   c)collection program material and development program material;
   d) development of methods (manual or via computer) and the timing of work in stages;
   e)financial accounting.
203. In what group health can be attributed the person with the functional and morphological changes or some rara disease during the year?
   a) Group 1;
   b) Group 2;
   c) Group 3;
   d)Group 04.
204. The study desing includes:
   a)theme,purpose,objectives, the unit of observation, the object of study;
   b)place of study;
   c)collection program material and development program material;
   d) development of methods (manual or via computer) and the timing of work in stages;
   e)financial accounting.
205. Gathering phase material medico-statistical research includes:
   a)the purpose and objectives of the study;
   b)plan and program of study;
   c)observation, survey data;
   d)encryption and grouping, counting and data entry in the table.
206. What method of studying public health used in the study of the quality of patient care as a result of the introduction of new medical and organizational and economic technologies?
   a) historical;
   b) the method of "expert assessments";
   c) economic;
   d) experimental;
   e) sociological.
207.The main indicators of public health include everything except:
   a)demographics;
   b)morbidity;
   c)physical development;
   d)indicators of mental development;
   e)indicators of disability.
28.What factors in 20% of cases affect the state of health of the population?
   a)socio-economic;
   b)the social and biological;
   c)environmental and climatic;
   d)organizational or medical.
29. The objectives of the health statistics include:
   a)identifying features of the health status of the population and the factors that determine;
   b)study of data on network performance and health professionals in order to optimize their work;
   c)use of statistical methods in clinical, experimental hygiene and other studies;
   d)all of the above.
30. Which of the following refers to exogenous factors?
   a)related to the environment, they are called social and removable media;
   b)related to the internal environment,referred to as the socio-remoable;
   c)associated with the environment, they are called social and inevitable;
   d)associated with theinternal environment,referred to as socio-inevitable.
301.Collection program material medical and statistical research includes:
   a)development records;
   b)drawing layouts statistical tables;
   c)a list of statistical variables/
302. Stage statistical processing of the material includes:
   a)the purpose and objectives of the study;
   b)plan and program of study;
   c)observation, survey data;
   d)encryption and grouping, counting and data entry in the table.
303.The number of major challenges in health statistical study should be:
   a)not more than 3;
   b)from 3 to 6;
   c)from 6 to 9.
304.The unit of observation-this?
   a)is the primary element of a statistical population, endowed with all of notifiable and learning;
   b)is the primary element of a statistical population, not endowed with all of notifiable and study;
   c)is the primary element of a statistical population, not endowed with all the attributes, but not subject to registratio and study.
305.Which method allows you to objectively determine the level of public health, to determine the efficiency and quality of health care institutions?
   a) historical;
   b) the method of "expert assessments";
   c) economic;
   d) experimental;
   e) statistical.
306. Data analysis, conclusions and recommendations includes:
   a)the purpose and objectives of the study;
   b)plan and program of study;
   c)observation, survey data;
   d)encryption and grouping, counting and data entry in the table.
307.Specify all the risk factors associated with a primary:
   a)diabetes;
   b)alcohol abuse;
   c)arterial hypertension;
   d)smoking;
   e)hyperlipidemia and cholosterolemia.
38.Specify all the risk factors associated with a primary:
   a)poor nutrition;
   b)rheumatism;
   c)lack of exercise;
   d)allergy;
   e)stress.
40. What factors in 10% of cases affect the state of health of the population?
   a)socio-economic;
   b)the social and biological;
   c)environmental and climatic;
   d)organizational or medical.
01. For groups of diseases on the social significance include everything except:
   a)diseases that cause short-term disability;
   b)disease causing prolonged disability;
   c)diseases that lead to various limitations of life;
   d)the disease leads to death.
02. Regisration for each visit to the doctor or the doctor to patient-is:
   a)treatment;
   b)visit.
03. Level of primary disease of the adult population is:
   a)500-600;
   b)1300-1400;
   c)1800-1900;
   d)2300-2400.
04.Which source is the study of the incidence of hospital morbidity:
   a)according to the negotiability;
   b)according to medical examinations;
   c)the data on cause of death;
   d)according to the medical and statistical research.
05.The types of medical exams include all except:
   a)preliminary;
   b)periodic;
   c)intermediate;
   d)target.
06.International Classification of Diseases-it:
   a)a list of names of diseases in a certain order;
   b)a list of diagnoses in a certain order;
   c)a list of symptoms, syndromes and individual states arranged according to certain principles;
   d)grouping system diseases and pathological conditions, reflecting the current stage of development of medical science.
07.The overall incidence(prevalence) is calculated as:
   a) the total number of diseases indentified in a given year/number of all registered diseases x1000;
   b)the total number of diseases indentified in a given year/average population x1000.
8. Quantitative characteristic of the disease is:
   a)incidence;
   b)the structure of morbidity;
   c)the multiplicity of the disease;
   d)the duration of the disease.
9. The set of all diseases for which treatment was in this year- this:
   a)primary morbidity;
   b)the overall incidence (prevalence);
   c)the cumulative incidence;
   d)infectious diseases;
   e)hospital morbidity.
10.By incidence according to medical examinations include:
   a)primary morbidity;
   b)the overall incidence (prevalence);
   c)pathological defeat;
   d)infectious diseases;
   e)hospital morbidity.
101.Level of overall incidence of the adult population is:
   a)500-600;
   b)1300-1400;
   c)1800-1900;
   d)2300-2400.
102.Primary morbidity is studied on the basis of:
   a)"Talona ambulatory patient";
   b)"Emergency notification of infectious disease...";
   c)"Sick leave";
   d)"Statistical maps left a hospital".
103.Conducted among workers with occupational risk for early detection of diseases and to develop appropriate preventive medical measures-this:
   a)preliminary medical examinations;
   b)periodic medical examinations;
   c)targeted medical examinations.
104. Infectious disease is calculated as:
   a)the number of the identified infectious diseases/ number of all registered diseases x 100,000;
   b)the number of detected infectious diseases/ average annual population x 100,000
105.Individual characteristics of disease is:
   a)incidence;
   b)the structure of morbidity;
   c)the multiplicity of the disease;
   d)the duration of the disease.
106.The set of all hospitalizations of the population in a given year over the disease are not registered in the outpatient clinics - this:
   a)primary morbidity;
   b)the overall incidence (prevalence);
   c)pathological defeat;
   d)infectious diseases;
   e)hospital morbidity.
107.Which source is the study of the incidence of overall morbidity:
   a)according to the negotiability;
   b)according to medical examinations;
   c)the data on cause of death;
   d)according to the medical and statistical research.
18. The number of days of temporary disability per 100 employees is calculated as:
   a)the number of days of temporary disability / average annual population x100;
   b)the number of days of temporary disability /average number of employees x100.
19. In the structure of the primary disease of the adult population occupy the first three places:
   a)diseases of the circulatory system;
   b)respiratory diseases;
   c)diseases of the digestive system;
   d)diseases of the genitourinary system;
   e)injuries and poisonings.
20.Population screening to identify individuals with suspected disease or erly signs of the disease-this:
   a)medical exams;
   b)screening;
   c)monitoring.
201.The characteristics of morbidity include everything except:
   a)incidence;
   b)the structure of morbidity;
   c)the multiplicity of the disease;
   d)the duration of the disease.
202. The first detection of the disease in a given calendar year-this:
   a)primary morbidity;
   b)the overall incidence (prevalence);
   c)pathological defeat;
   d)infectious diseases;
   e)hospital morbidity.
203.The types of morbidity level includes everuthing except^
   a)primary morbidity;
   b)the overall incidence (prevalence);
   c)pathological defeat;
   d)infectious diseases;
   e)hospital morbidity.
204.Level of primary child morbidity:
   a)500-600;
   b)1300-1400;
   c)1800-1900;
   d)2300-2400.
205. Which source is the study of the incidence of pathological lesions:
   a)according to the negotiability;
   b)according to medical examinations;
   c)the data on cause of death;
   d)according to the medical and statistical research.
206. Carried out before entering the educational institutions (schools,colleges,universities) or to work in order to determine compliance with state requirements health professions- this:
   a)preliminary medical examinations;
   b)periodic medical examinations;
   c)targeted medical examinations.
207.The cumulative incidence is calculated as:
   a)the number of all diseases registered for a number of years / average annual population x 1000;
   b)the number of all diseases registered for a number of years / the number of all diseases registered x 1000.
28.The main sources of morbidity study include:
   a)data uptake;
   b)details of medical examinations;
   c)data on causes of death;
   d)health statistical data investigations.
29. The overall incidence supplemented identified cases during medical examinations and data on causes of death-this:
   a)primary morbidity;
   b)the overall incidence (prevalence);
   c)pathological defeat;
   d)infectious diseases;
   e)exhausted (true) incidence.
30. Which source is the study of the incidence of infectious diseases:
   a)according to the negotiability;
   b)according to medical examinations;
   c)the data on cause of death;
   d)according to the medical and statistical research.
301. In the primary structure of child morbidity first three places are occupied by:
   a)diseases of the circulatory system;
   b)respiratory diseases;
   c)diseases of the digestive system;
   d)diseases skin and subcutaneous tissue;
   e)injuries and poisonings.
302. The types of screening are all except^
   a)target;
   b)non-targeted;
   c)multi-purpose.
303. Documents certifying temporary disability are:
   a)a certificate of arbitrary shape;
   b)sick leave;
   c)a certificate of temporary disability of the student;
   d)the epidemiological inquiry.
304. Hospital morbidity is calculated as:
   a)the number of emigrants (disposed+dead) from the hospital / average number of population x 1000;
   b)the number of persons retired (prescription+dead) from the hospital / the number of all registered incidence x 1000.
305. The level of primary morbidity in children compared to adults:
   a)below;
   b)the same;
   c)above.
306. Morbidity with temporary disability is studied on the basis of:
   a)"Talona ambulatory patient";
   b)"Emergency notification of infectious disease...";
   c)"Sick leave";
   d)"Statistical maps left a hospital".
307. The functions of the leaf disability include everything except:
   a)legal;
   b)financial;
   c)regulatory;
   d)health statistics.
38. The index is calculated as the pathological affection:
   a)the total number of diseases identified in pocket medical examinations / average annual population x 1000;
   b)the number of diseases detected on physical examination / number of persons surveyed x 1000.
39. The first doctor visit health facilities, registered in the medical records:
   a)treatment;
   b)visit.
40. Primary (actual) incidence is calculated as:
   a)the number of the first case in the history of the discovery of the disease / average population x 1000;
   b)the number of newly diagnosed diseases / the number of all registered diseases x 1000.
01.What do you call the type of population growth in the cities, where the urban population is 50%?
   a)the high urban growth;
   b)the average growth of cities;
   c)low growth cities.
02.The death of children in the first 168 hours of life is:
   a) the infant mortality rate;
   b) the neonatal mortality;
   c)the early neonatal mortality;
   d)the post-neonatal mortality.
03.The overall mortality rate is calculated as follows:
   a)the total number of deaths for the year/ average annual population x 1000;
   b)the total number of deaths/ population at year-end x 1000. factors- this:
04.Science that studies the spatial distribution of population trends and processes occurring in the population due to political, social and economic conditions of life, way of life, traditions, environmental, medical, legal and other
   a)demography;
   b)medical demography.
05.With any form of migration occurs relocation for long enough, but limited time?
   a)constant;
   b)time;
   c)seasonal;
   d)the pendulum;
   e)forced.
06.How to evaluate the fertility rate equal to 31-40%0?
   a)very low;
   b)low;
   c)below average;
   d)the average;
   e)hight.
07.How to estimate the mortality rate is equal to 16-20%0?
   a)very low;
   b)low;
   c)below average;
   d)the average;
   e)hight.
8.The indicators characterizing the static population are important for practical public health in all cases, except:
   a)the calculation of indicators of natural movement of the population;
   b)the calculation of indicators characterizing the activity of the health care system;
   c)organization of preventive maintenance;
   d)determining the degree of differences of migrants'health of indigenous people.
9.Migration is important for practical public health authorities, as:
   a)change the environment;
   b)morbidity and mortality affects;
   c)promotes the growth of illegitimate births;
   d)the epidemic situation in the region;
   e)all of the above is true.
10.The death of children at 2,3 and 4 weeks of life is:
   a)the infant mortality rate;
   b)neonatal mortality;
   c)early neonatal mortality;
   d)late neonatal mortality;
   e)post-neonatal mortality.
101. The maternal mortality rate is calculated as follows:
   a)the number of pregnant women (from the begining of pre gnancy), childbirth and the puerperium within 42 days after termination of pregnancy/ the number of live births x 100,000;
   b)the number of pregnant women (from the begining of pre gnancy), childbirth and the puerperium within 42 days after termination of pregnancy/ average annual population x 100,000.
102. Dynamics, as one of the directions of the statistical study of population studies:
   a)mechanical motio n;
   b)artificial movement;
   c)natural movement.
103.The main indicators of natural movement of the population are all except:
   a)fertility;
   b)mortality;
   c)disease;
   d)natural growth;
   e)the average life expectancy.
104.The concept of "live birth" includes:
   a)the complete expulsion or extraction of the product of conception from the mother to the 28th week of pregnancy;
   b) the complete expulsion or extraction of the product of conception from the mother's body, regardless of the duration of pregnancy;
   c)the presence of signs of life.
105.The main directions of statistical study population are:
   a)static population;
   b)fluctuatins in the population;
   c)the dynamics of the population.
106.What characterizes the rate of birth rate for the year per 1,000 women aged 15-49 years old, living in a particular area?
   a)birth;
   b)the total fertility;
   c)the dynamics of the population.
107.What are considered children born at gestational ages of less than 37 weeks?
   a)premature;
   b)full-term;
   c)post-term.
18.What cases can not lead to maternal mortality?
   a) the death directly related to obsteric causes;
   b) the death indirectly related to obsteric causes;
   c)the death is not related to obsteric causes.
19.The types of migration are all Apart from:
   a)internal;
   b)external;
   c)natural.
20.Perinatal period includes:
   a)the antenatal period;
   b) early neonatal period;
   c) the intrapartum period;
   d)the late neonatal period;
   e)the postnatal period.
201.To what kind of migration should include the movement of people at certain times of the year?
   a)constant;
   b)seasonal;
   c)time;
   d)pendulum;
   e)forced.
202. How to evaluate the fertility rate of more 40%0?
   a)very low;
   b)low;
   c)below average;
   d)the average;
   e) very hight.
203.How to estimate the mortality rate 21%0?
   a)very low;
   b)low;
   c)below average;
   d)the average;
   e) very hight.
204. The death of children from 29 days of life and up to 1 year is:
   a)the infant mortality rate;
   b)neonatal mortality;
   c)early neonatal mortality;
   d)late neonatal mortality;
   e)post-neonatal mortality.
205. What are the main causes of mortality:
   a)tumors;
   b)diseases of the circulatory system;
   c)diseases of the nervous system;
   d)diseases of the genitourinary system;
   e)injuries and poisonings.
206.What characterizes the frequency rate of deaths per 1,000 population?
   a)mortality;
   b)mortality in hospital;
   c)pathological lesions.
207.What direction the statistical study of population studies the movement and changes in the population:
   a)static population;
   b)population dynamics.
28.Mechanical movement- this:
   a)changes in the population as a result of births and deaths;
   b)changes in the population under the influence of migration processes.
29.What are considered children born at gestational ages from 37 to 40 weeks?
   a)premature;
   b)full-term;
   c)post-term.
30.What do you call the period beginning with the 28th week of pregnancy, including during childbirth and ending 7 completed days of life of the newborn (168 hours):
   a)the antenatal period;
   b) early neonatal period;
   c)intrapartum period;
   d)the perinatal period;
   e)the postnatal period.
301.The types of external migration include:
   a)constant;
   b)seasonal;
   c)pendulum;
   d)emigration;
   e)immigration.
302.The basic principles of the census include all except:
   a)versatility;
   b)current population census;
   c)directly receive information;
   d)strict adherence to the mystery of the census.
303.The death of children in the first year of life is:
   a)the infant mortality rate;
   b)neonatal mortality;
   c)early neonatal mortality;
   d)late neonatal mortality;
   e)post-neonatal mortality.
304.For what type of the population of children aged 0-14 years exceeds the share of the population aged 50 years and older?
   a)progressive;
   b)stationary;
   c)regression.
305.How is the process of increasing the role of cities in the development of society?
   a)emigration;
   b)immigration;
   c)the growth of cities.
306.Life expectancy is defined as:
   a)the hypothetical number of years that have to live this generation born under the condition that all along their life mortality in each age group will be the same as it was in the year for which the calculation is made;
   b)the hypothetical number of years that have to live this generation born under the condition that all along their life mortality in each age group will be different.
307.The total fertility rate of the population is calculated as follows:
   a)total number of live births per year / average annual population x 1000;
   b)mid-year population of women aged 15-49 years x 1000.
38. The types of internal migration are all except:
   a)constant;
   b)seasonal;
   c)pendulum;
   d)emigration;
   e)immigration.
39.Stillbirth rate is calculated as:
   a) birth dead / the number of life birthsx1000;
   b)birth dead / births living and the dead x1000.
40.What is the name of the entry of nationals of one country to another?
   a)emigration;
   b)immigration;
   c)the growth of cities.
01.Physical development- this:
   a)a complex of functional and adaptive capabilities of the organism;
   b)the qualitative characteristics of individual development of the organism;
   c)the criterion for assessing the health status and age standards development;
   d)set of morphological and functional properties of an organism that determine the level of biological development and supply of its physical strenght.
02.How many groups off parameters of physical development?
   a)2 groups;
   b)3 groups;
   c)4 groups;
   d)5 groups.
03.The main parameters of the first group include^
   a)the lenght of the body sitting;
   b)the lenght of the body;
   c)the lenght of the limbs sitting;
   d)the circumference of the chest;
   e)the circumference of the head (up to 1 year).
04.Accessory parameters of the first group are:
   a)the lenght of the body sitting;
   b)the lenght of the body;
   c)the lenght of the limbs sitting;
   d)body weight;
   e)the circumference of the neck, shoulders, hips.
05.The main parameters of the second group are:
   a)medical training methods to determine the overall endurance;
   b)blood pressure;
   c)methods of medical training, in order to determine the muscular strenght;
   d)heart rate;
   e)respiratory rate.
06. Special parameters of the second group are:
   a)medical training methods to determine the overall endurance;
   b)blood pressure;
   c)methods of medical training, in order to determine the muscular strenght;
   d)heart rate;
   e)methods of medical training to determine lung capacity- 6 years.
07.The parameters of the third group are:
   a)the particular constitution;
   b)the shape of the thorax, legs and feet;
   c)the different physical characteristics;
   d)the degree of muscle, subcutaneous fat;
   e)all of the above is true.
8.Components of evaluation of physical development include everything except:
   a)determining the level of physical development occurs by comparing the absolute body size standards;
   b)determining the level of physical development occurs by comparing the ralative magnitudes of the standards;
   c)identification of somatic type characterizes the ratio of 3 components of the body: the skeleton, muscles, subcutaneous fat;
   d)the intensity of the growth of total body size (the first year of life, in sports medicine).
9.Methods of assessing physical development are:
   a)the method of moments;
   b)the method of indices;
   c)the method of ranks;
   d)the parametric method;
   e)non-parametric method.
10.What is the name of the method consists in determining is an increase in body weight,based on stringent parameters Marital status: height-100=weight?
   a)the parametric method;
   b)the method of indices;
   c)non-parametric method.
101.The general features of parametric and non-parametric methods are:
   a)requires the use of standards for physical development;
   b)the amount of observations should not be less than 100 units;
   c)must be excluded all physical defects;
   d)they must be strictly regional;
   e)every 5-7 years, they need to be restated.
102.How many group there is harmony:
   a)one group;
   b)two groups;
   c)three groups;
   d)four groups.
103.Norma is a:
   a)the harmonious development;
   b)disharmonious development;
   c)sharply disharmonious development.
104.Risk group is:
   a)the harmonious development;
   b)disharmonious development;
   c)sharply disharmonious development.
105.Pathology-this:
   a)the harmonious development;
   b)disharmonious development;
   c)sharply disharmonious development.
106.Normostenichesky type is characterized by:
   a)slim,weak development of the muscular system, the predominance of the longitudinal body size and breast size for the size of the stomach, and leg length above the length of the body;
   b)good fatness, long torso and short legs, the predominance of the transverse dimensions of the body and the size of the size of the breast above the stomach;
   c)proportional to the size of the body and the harmonious development of the musculoskeletal system.
107.Astenic type is characterized by:
   a)slim,weak development of the muscular system, the predominance of the longitudinal body size and breast size for the size of the stomach, and leg length above the length of the body;
   b)good fatness, long torso and short legs, the predominance of the transverse dimensions of the body and the size of the size of the breast above the stomach;
   c)proportional to the size of the body and the harmonious development of the musculoskeletal system.
18.Hypersthenic type is characterized by:
   a)slim,weak development of the muscular system, the predominance of the longitudinal body size and breast size for the size of the stomach, and leg length above the length of the body;
   b)good fatness, long torso and short legs, the predominance of the transverse dimensions of the body and the size of the size of the breast above the stomach;
   c)proportional to the size of the body and the harmonious development of the musculoskeletal system.
19.The first group of accelerated physical, sexual and psychological development are:
   a)the advantage of a number of features of the parental lines, that is, the birth of children of mixed marriages;
   b)stimulation of the pituitary results in the development of high growth hormone;
   c)the excessive intake of animal protein, fat, excessive intake of salt, vitamins and minerals.
20.For the second group of accelerated physical, sexual and psychological development are:
   a)the advantage of a number of features of the parental lines, that is, the birth of children of mixed marriages;
   b)stimulation of the pituitary results in the development of high growth hormone;
   c)the excessive intake of animal protein, fat, excessive intake of salt, vitamins and minerals.
201.The third group of accelerated physical, sexual and psychological development are:
   a)the advantage of a number of features of the parental lines, that is, the birth of children of mixed marriages;
   b)stimulation of the pituitary results in the development of high growth hormone;
   c)the excessive intake of animal protein, fat, excessive intake of salt, vitamins and minerals.
202.The problems of rapid physical, sexual and psychological development of the individual relative:
   a)birth weight increased by 400 grams;
   b)preservation of accommodation (visual acuity in persons 60 years old or 40 people in the ancient world);
   c)the length of the body of newborn increased by 5 cm;
   d)a more pronounced resistance to infectious diseases, such as measles, diphtheria, scarlet fever;
   e)the beginning of menstruation for 12 years.
01.Clinics include all institutions, with the exception of:
   a)clinics;
   b)consultations little wife;
   c)first-aid stations;
   d)medical centers.
02. Health care setting where medical assistance incoming patients as well as patients at home,carried out a complex of therapeutic and preventive measures for the treatment and prevention of diseases and their complications-this:
   a)clinics;
   b)hospital;
   c)the health center;
   d)family planning center.
03.Outpatient clinics organize everything except:
   a)consideration of temporary or permanent disability issue and extension of sick leave;
   b)the direction of medical and social expertise of persons with signs of disability;
   c)establishment of the disability;
   d)provision of first aid and emergency care to patients with acute and sudden illness,injury,poisoning;
   e)the direction of in-patient treatment.
04.Outpatient clinics differ from:
   a)the level of specialization of medical care;
   b)the number of specialists and their level of qualification;
   c)the number of activities.
05.The availability of outpatient clinics provided everything except:
   a)level of specialization of medical care by main types;
   b)a sufficient number of outpatient clinics;
   c)the availability of transport to clinics to serve the population at home;
   d)the quality of care.
06.Clinics are classified according to all criteria, except for:
   a)organization of work;
   b)the level of equipment and prower agencies;
   c)a territorial basis;
   d)the profile of care.
07.The structure of the clinic is determined by:
   a)its capacity, as well as the population served;
   b)the capacity and age-sex composition of the population;
   c)the capacity and the number of staff positions in the institution.
8.In the outpatient reception is conducted on such basic subjects as:
   a)medicine, surgery and pediatrics;
   b)medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics;
   c)medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics.
9.Preventive orientation, as a principle of outpatient care is to carry out:
   a)the dispensary;
   b)diagnostic and treatment activities;
   c)sanitary and epidemiological;
10.On the organization of clinics are divided:
   a)for adults and children;
   b)rural;
   c)combined with a hospital;
   d)independent;
   e)specialized.
101.Planned hospitalization-this:
   a)the referral of patients by doctors from medical institutions such as the hospital;
   b)the refferal of patients by doctors from medical institutions such as community-acquired;
   c)the direction and delivery of ambulance patients;
   d)transfer of patients from other departments;
   e)transfer of patients from other hospitals.
102.Which card functions in-patient include the fact that it is necessary to educate students, interns, residents, graduate students and nurses:
   a)practical;
   b)teaching;
   c)research;
   d)legal.
103.The purpose of the day hospital is all of the above, except:
   a)as improving the organization and improve the quality of medical care in the outpatient setting;
   b)as improving the economic effecienty of health-care;
   c)the provision of high-tech medical care.
104.The tasks of the city hospital includes everything except:
   a)to provide qualified medical and preventive care;
   b)the provision of high-tech medical care;
   c)the introduction of modern methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment based on the achievements of medical science and tecnology.
   d)development and improvement of organizational forms and methods of institutions, improving the quality of preventive and curative care.
105.Functions of a modern hospital as defined by WHO are all except:
   a)recovery;
   b)prevention;
   c)practical;
   d)training;
   e)research.
106.The functions of the head of the hospital are all except:
   a)analyze the performance of the hospital;
   b)analyze the financial and economic activities of the hospital;
   c)to analyze each death;
   d)checks the correctness of expenditure materials and medicines;
   e)is responsible for the sanitary condition of the hospital.
107.The objectives of the reception area is all but:
   a)reception of patients, diagnosis and solution of the question of the need for hospitalization:
   b)the registration of patients and keeping their movements in the hospital;
   c)medical triage;
   d)to provide, if necessary, emergency medical services;
   e)to provide,if necessary, emergency medical care.
18.Which card functions in-patient include the fact that in some cases it serves as the main document, which is the main witness for the prosecution or defense of the doctor, the medical staff when the need arises forensic investigation:
   a)practical;
   b)teaching;
   c)research;
   d)legal.
19.What are the functions of a modern hospital are-diagnostics and treatment of diseases, rehabilitation and emergency care?
   a)recovery;
   b)prevention;
   c)practical;
   d)training;
   e)research.
20.The functions of the deputy chief physician at the medical unit of the hospital are all except:
   a)is responsible for the development and quality of all medical activity hospital;
   b)directly supervises the medical and sanitary-epidemiological work the hospital;
   c)to analyze each death;
   d)analyze the performance of the hospital;
   e)organize consultations for patients.
201.In the structure of the city polyclinic for adults secrete all divisions except:
   a)rgister;
   b)division of prevention;
   c)separating the organization of medical care for children and adolescents;
   d)treatment and prevention.
202.The basic principles of outpatient care include:
   a)the principle of region, availability, preventive focus;
   b)the principle of region, availability, preventive focus,continuity and stages of treatment;
   c)the principle of region,preventive focus,continuity and stages of treatment.
203.Clinical examination means:
   a)set of measure to promote healthy lifestyles, prevention and early diagnosis of diseases, effective treatment of patients and their follow-up$
   b)method is applied in the work with specific groups of healthy people (children, pregnant women, the military), as well as with patients subject ti dispensary supervision.
204.On a territorial basis clinics are divided into:
   a)the city;
   b)the district;
   c)rural;
   d)regional.
205.The structure of the city policlinic for adults does not include:
   a)additional diagnosis and treatment;
   b)office for registration of medical records, medical records and statistics;
   c)food unit;
   d)cleaning part.
206.On what basis are working today outpatient clinics:
   a)the district;
   b)territorial;
   c)regional.
207.Children policlinic-this:
   a) the health care setting, is a subdivision of the combined children's hospital, which provides outpatient care for children from birth to 15 years;
   b)the health care setting, is a subdivision of the combined children's hospital or independent health facility that provides outpatient care for children from birth to 18 years;
   c)the health care setting, which is an independent medical institution that provides outpatient care to the population of 18 years.
28.Land in urban clinics are formed depending on:
   a)population;
   b)the number of medical facilities in the area;
   c)the number of medical staff positions.
29.The main objectives of urban clinics are:
   a)to provide qualified and specialized medical care directly in theclinic and at home;
   b)the organization and conduct of the population among the attached set of preventive measures aimed at increasing the birth rate and mortality reduction;
   c)the organization and conduct of the population among the attached set of preventive measures aimed at reducing morbidity, disability and mortality.
30.Children's clinic provides all of the above except:
   a)the organization and execution of complex preventive measures among children by means;
   b)preventive health care for children at home and in the clinic;
   c)treatment and preventive work in children's educational institutions;
   d)treatment and preventive work in higher educational institutions;
   e)control measures.
301.Emergency hospitalization is:
   a)the referral of patients by doctors from medical institutions such as the hospital;
   b)the referral of patients by doctors from medical institutions such as community-acquired;
   c)the direction and delivery of emergency patients;
   d)transfer of patients from other departments;
   e)transfer of patients from other hospitals.
302.Which card functions in-patient include the fact that many scientific clinical and statistical inference based on its data:
   a)practical;
   b)teaching;
   c)research;
   d)legal.
303.The functions of day hospital are all except:
   a) the implementation of comprehensive preventive and curative measures to persons at risk, as well as long and often ill;
   b)a sophisticated and complex diagnostic tests and treatments that do not require round-the daily medical supervision;
   c)conduct a comprehensive course of treatment to patients not requiring round the clock medical supervision;
   d) the implementation of water and mud;
   e)the implementation of rehabilitation and wellness complex course of treatment of sick and disabled, pregnant women.
304.Functions doctors receptionist are all except:
   a)a thorought history;
   b)medical examination and study of patients;
   c)setting the preliminary diagnosis;
   d)the appointment and conduct of necessary treatment;
   e)emergency care.
305.the main elements of health-protective regime are all except:
   a)rational planning, accommodation and equipment chambers and offices;
   b)the implementation of the principle of differentiated distribution of patients to the wards with the health status, sex, age;
   c)to remove or minimize the impact of environmental factors;
   d)stay in a high comfort;
   e)the ethics of medical institutions.
306.Hospital discharge is made in all cases? except for:
   a)his full recovery;
   b)if necessary, to transfer to other medical facilities;
   c)with the constant improvement of the patient when there is no need for further his stay in the hospital;
   d)diagnosis;
   e)chronic diseases are not curable in the health care setting.
307.In the management of the hospital includes everything except:
   a)administration;
   b)archive;
   c)housekeeping unit;
   d)library;
   e)accounting.
38.The types of hospital technologies include everything except:
   a)day hospitals based outpatient clinics;
   b)day care based on hospitals;
   c)day care on the basis of spa facilities;
   d)hospitals at home.
39.Organization of hospital at home involves all of the following except:
   a)the daily observation of the patient's doctor;
   b)a laboratory diagnostic examinations;
   c)availability of telephone services;
   d)observing physician patient 2 times per week;
   e)various procedures.
40.In the hospital emergency department patients can get routes, except:
   a)planned hosspitalization;
   b)on an emergency basis;
   c)by transfer from another branch;
   d)by transferring from another branch;
   e)self-refer to the emergency room.
01.In-patient obstetric care for women have all health care facilities, except:
   a)women's advice;
   b)maternity homes;
   c)obstetric and gynecological women.
02.The second period of clinical examination of children associated with:
   a)associated with antenatal protection of the fetus;
   b)dynamical newborn care;
   c)monthly observation of the child during the first year of life;
   d)the dynamic observation of the child at the age of 1 year to 7 years.
04.Indicators of prenatal include everything except:
   a)the proportion of preterm birth;
   b)the frequency of the use of contraceptives by women;
   c)the frequency of abortion;
   d)maternal mortality;
   e)infant mortality.
05.The types of obstetric hospitals "without medical assistance", which provide preventive health care for pregnant women,new mothers, childbirth include:
   a)kolkhoz maternity, obstetric units with obstetric beds;
   b)distric hospitals with obstetric beds;
   c)obstetric department of the central distric hospitals and distric hospitals, urban maternity hospitals;
   d)maternity ward of a general hospital, obstetrical department of the regional hospitals, including obstetric units based on major central distric hospitals.
06.The main types of institutions providing medical and social care for children include all except:
   a)Children's clinic;
   b)children's department of general outpatient clinics or rural hospitals;
   c)Children's General hospital;
   d)perinataal centres;
   e)dairy food;
   f)elementary school;
   g)kindergartens.
07.The third period is associated with clinical examination of children:
   a)associated with antenatal protection of the fetus;
   b)dynamical newborn care;
   c)monthly observation of the child during the first year of life;
   d)the dynamic observation of the child at the age of 1 year to 7 years.
8.The activities of agencie that provide health care for women, aimed at all except:
   a)the preservation and strengthening of their health;
   b)safe motherhood;
   c)the prevention and treatment of disease;
   d)the prevention and treatment of gynecological disorders.
9.The types of hospitals' "general medical assistance", which provide preventive health care for pregnant women, new mothers, childbirth include:
   a)kolkhoz maternity, obstetric units with obstetric beds;
   b)distric hospitals with obstetric beds;
   c)obstetric department of the central distric hospitals and distric hospitals, urban maternity hospitals;
   d)maternity ward of a general hospital, obstetrical department of the regional hospitals, including obstetric units based on major central distric hospitals.
10.The main tasks of child health clinics are all except:
   a)prevention work among children served territory;
   b)treatment and diagnostic work on care for children at home and in the clinic, screening and referral of children to hospital treatment;
   c)conducting rehabilitation work, including the organization of work of the department of rehabilitation treatment, the selection of children in the sanatorium and children's health institutions;
   d)treatment and prevention work in kindergartens and schools;
   e)providing material support to needy children.
101.The fourth period is associated with the clinical examination of children:
   a)associated with antenatal protection of the fetus;
   b)dynamical newborn care;
   c)monthly observation of the child during the first year of life;
   d)the dynamic observation of the child at the age of 1 year to 7 years.
102.Singleton pregnancies birth certificate issued to women with gestational age:
   a)12 weeks;
   b)28 weeks;
   c)more than 30 weeks.
103.The types of obstetric hospitals "with a qualified medical assistance", which provide preventive health care for pregnant women, new mothers, childbirth include:
   a)kolkhoz maternity, obstetric units with obstetric beds;
   b)distric hospitals with obstetric beds;
   c)obstetric department of the central distric hospitals and distric hospitals, urban maternity hospitals;
   d)maternity ward of a general hospital, obstetrical department of the regional hospitals, including obstetric units based on major central distric hospitals.
104.Approximate standard number of children on the pediatric section is:
   a)200 children;
   b)600 children;
   c)800 children;
   d)2000 children.
105.The key performance indicators of child health clinics are all except:
   a) the primary and general morbidity on years of life;
   b)the percentage of infants who are breast-fed;
   c)the coverage of routine immunization of children;
   d)mortality of infants;
   e)the percentage of infants who died in the hospital in the first 24 hours;
   f)total mortality.
106.When multiple pregnancy birth certificates issued to women during pregnancy:
   a)12 weeks;
   b)28 weeks;
   c)more than 30 weeks.
107.The types of obstetric hospitals "with a multidisciplinary qualification and specialized care", which provide preventive health care for pregnant women, new mothers, childbirth include:
   a)kolkhoz maternity, obstetric units with obstetric beds;
   b)distric hospitals with obstetric beds;
   c)obstetric department of the central distric hospitals and distric hospitals, urban maternity hospitals;
   d)maternity ward of a general hospital, obstetrical department of the regional hospitals, including obstetric units based on major central distric hospitals.
18.Approximate standard number of children in the nursery are:
   a)200 children;
   b)600 children;
   c)800 children;
   d)2000 children.
19.Guide antenatal clinics established as an independent health care setting, provides:
   a)the chief physician;
   b)the head of the department;
   c)deputy chief of obstetric care.
20.Talon №1 birth certificate for payment for the provision of health care:
   a)for women during pregnancy in the outpatient phase (women's consultation);
   b)for women during childbirth in maternity hospitals (departments),perinatal centers;
   c)children's clinics under the supervision of children under 1 year.
201.The structure of the hospital maternity hospital includes everything except:
   a)registry;
   b)receiving-block crossing;
   c)physiological obstetrical department;
   d)department of pathology of pregnancy;
   e)the gynecological departmeent.
202.Approximate standard number of children in kindergarten is:
   a)200 children;
   b)600 children;
   c)800 children;
   d)2000 children.
203.The functions of the women's clinic include all except:
   a)clinical examination of pregnant women;
   b)identifying, medical conditions and the direction of pregnant women, postpartum women, women with gynecological diseases for hospital treatment;
   c)conduct physical training and psychoprophylactic pregnant women for childbirth;
   d)conducting in vitro fertilization;
   e)organizing and conducting routine inspections of the female population for early detection of gynecological diseases and cancer.
204.Talon №2 -to pay for the provision of medical care:
   a)for women during pregnancy in the outpatient phase (women's consultation);
   b)for women during childbirth in maternity hospitals (departments),perinatal centers;
   c)children's clinics under the supervision of children under 1 year.
205.Indicators of activity maternity hospital is everything except:
   a)the proportion of preterm birth;
   b)the frequency of the use of contraceptives by women;
   c)the frequency of abortion;
   d)maternal mortality;
   e)infant mortality.
206.Approximate standard number of children in secondary school is:
   a)200 children;
   b)600 children;
   c)800 children;
   d)2000 children.
207.The structure of the women's clinic includes everything except:
   a)registry;
   b)study obstetrician-gynecologist;
   c)offices specialized methods (family planning; gynecological endocrinology, infertility, cervical pathology gynecology childhood and adolescence; functional and prenatal diagnosis);
   d)clinical diagnostic laboratory;
   e)office;
   f)mortem Bureau.
28.Talon №3 -to pay for medical assistance to:
   a)for women during pregnancy in the outpatient phase (women's consultation);
   b)for women during childbirth in maternity hospitals (departments),perinatal centers;
   c)children's clinics under the supervision of children under 1 year.
29.Perinatal centres organize in areas with a population:
   a)100 thousand people;
   b)300 thousand people;
   c)500 thousand people.
30.The first period of the clinical examination of children associated with:
   a)associated with antenatal protection of the fetus;
   b)dynamical newborn care;
   c)monthly observation of the child during the first year of life;
   d)the dynamic observation of the child at the age of 1 year to 7 years.
01. What is the quality of care?
   a) it is the preservation of life, to restore and maintain of health;
   b) is the availability, security and optimal satisfaction of the population.
   c) is not only the preservation of life, to restore and maintain health, but also the availability, security and optimal satisfaction of its population.
02. The relevance of monitoring the quality of care due to:
   a)the emergence of non-state medical institutions of ownership;
   b) the oriented health care reforms on economic aspects (search for ways to reduce the costs of medical care often reduces its quality):
   c)by insufficient legal framework for monitoring the quality of care;
   d) all of the above.
03. What is a structured approach to assessing the quality of care?
   a) conditions for the provision of medical care;
   b) as complex diagnostic and treatment facilities, provided the patient was optimal;
   c) the ratio of the actual results achieved with realistically achievable (planned).
04. What is the process approach to assessing the quality of care?
   a) conditions for the provision of medical care;
   b) as complex diagnostic and treatment facilities, provided the patient was optimal;
   c) the ratio of the actual results achieved with realistically achievable (planned).
05. What is the effective approach to assessing the quality of care?
   a) conditions for the provision of medical care;
   b) as complex diagnostic and treatment facilities, provided the patient was optimal;
   c) the ratio of the actual results achieved with realistically achievable (planned).
06. The criteria for evaluation of the structural quality of care are:
   a) qualified personnel, the availability and condition of equipment and the rationality of its use;
   b) the dynamics of the health of the individual patient;
   с) the state of buildings and facilities, provision of medicines;
   d) results all patients in health care organizations.
07. Performance criteria assessing the quality of health care are:
   a) qualified personnel, the availability and condition of equipment and the rationality of its use;
   b) the dynamics of the health of the individual patient;
   с) the state of buildings and facilities, provision of medicines;
   d) results all patients in health care organizations.
8. Internal quality control of health care is carried out:
   a) Territorial Medical Expert Council under the regional health insurance funds;
   b) medical institutions;
   c) health insurance organizations;
   d) health care authorities.
9. External control of the quality of care is carried out:
   a) Territorial Medical Expert Council under the regional health insurance funds;
   b) medical institutions;
   c) health insurance organizations;
   d) health care authorities.
10. What is the social problem of internal quality control of medical care?
   a) enhancing the authority of the doctor, the formation of positive public opinion;
   b) the desire to improve the quality of health care through self-monitoring;
   с) security of the poor quality of intervention.
101. What is the professional task of the internal quality control of medical care?
   a) enhancing the authority of the doctor, the formation of positive public opinion;
   b) the desire to improve the quality of health care through self-monitoring;
   с) security of the poor quality of intervention.
102.What is the practical problem of internal quality control of medical care?
   a) enhancing the authority of the doctor, the formation of positive public opinion;
   b) the desire to improve the quality of health care through self-monitoring;
   с) security of the poor quality of intervention.
103. Types of external quality control of medical care:
   a) planning;
   b) batch;
   с) unscheduled;
   d) systematically.
104. Indications for unscheduled external audits of quality of care are:
   a)complaints about the low level of health care quality or defects in medical institutions from citizens and organization;
   b) mismatch presentation of the financial accounts of the volume , quality and duration of medical care;
   c)death and divergence of diagnoses;
   d) failures in the direction of hospitalization and cases of nosocomial infection;
   e) all of the above.
01. Examination, which is to determine the causes, duration and degree of disability due to illness or injury. Definition of human needs in health care and social protection measures - this:
   a) examination of man's ability to work;
   b) expertise of temporary disability.
02. Inability to work - a condition caused by disease, trauma, in which the performance of professional activities is not possible for a long time or permanently- this:
   a) work ability;
   b) temporary disability;
   c) persistent inability to work;
   d) inability to work.
03. Criteria for the examination of working ability are:
   a) functional;
   b) medical;
   c) economic;
   d) social.
04. What types of temporary disability are:
   a) temporary;
   b) full;
   c) persistent;
   d) partial.
05. What is the relevance of the examination of the ability of labor:
   a) medical losses;
   b) economic losses;
   c) loss of social.
06. What types of economic loss are:
   a) direct;
   b) parallel;
   c) indirect;
   d) hybrid.
07. Levels of expertise of temporary disability:
   a) the doctor;
   b) the head of the medical department;
   c) the commission of doctors;
   d) deputy chief medical officer;
   e) medical and social expertise.
8. Documents confirming the temporary disability:
   a) medical card;
   b) sick leave;
   c) medical certificate (form 095 / y);
   d) a map of the spa treatment.
9. Types of medical and social expertise:
   a) the overall profile;
   b) mixed profile;
   c) a special profile.
10. How many disability groups:
   a) two groups;
   b) of three groups;
   c) four groups;
   d) of five groups.
101. Type of examination, the main purpose is to assess the health of the patient, the effectiveness of treatment, professional activities- this:
   a) examination of man's ability to work;
   b) expertise of temporary disability.
102. State the human body caused by disease, trauma, in which dysfunction leads to non-compliance with professional work in a production environment for a certain period of time- this:
   a) work ability;
   b) temporary disability;
   c) persistent inability to work;
   d) inability to work.
103. What types of inability to work can be:
   a) temporary;
   b) full;
   c) persistent;
   d) partial.
104. Reasons for temporary disability:
   a) illness and injury;
   b) the social nature;
   c) preventive nature;
   d) all of the above.
105. Function sheet of disability:
   a) medical and legal;
   b) medical and financial;
   c) legal and financial;
   d) medical, legal and financial.
106. Causes of disability:
   a) illness;
   b) disabled since childhood;
   c) occupational diseases or work-related injuries;
   d) ex-soldiers;
   e) all of the above.
107. Exaggeration of symptoms the patient actually existing disease-- this:
   a) simulation;
   b) aggravation.
18. Who has the right to issuе sick leave:
   a) doctor’s medical organizations;
   b) state, municipal and private health care that have a license for medical activities;
   c) specialized sanatoriums and research institutions;
   d) medical assistants and dentists.
   e) all of the above.
19. Who is not eligible to receive sick leave:
   a) the insured person;
   b) military personnel;
   c) persons employed under the contract;
   d) students of higher and secondary educational institutions;
   e) persons under arrest;
   f) persons who have not been identified signs of illness or injury.
20. Functions of medical-social examination:
   a) determines the cause of disability;
   b) sets group disability;
   c) defines the conditions and types of work for disabled people$
   d) aims at training people with disabilities;
   e) all of the above.
201. A combination of physical and mental abilities of the human body to perform a certain amount of work - this:
   a) work ability;
   b) temporary disability;
   c) persistent inability to work;
   d) inability to work.
202. Basic principles of expertise working abilities are:
   a) the nature of state power;
   b) efficiency;
   c) preventive orientation;
   d) universality;
   e) collectivity.
203. Purpose of the examination disability:
   a) maximize employment;
   b) disease prevention;
   c) reduction of morbidity and disability;
   d) maximize employment, disease prevention, reduction of morbidity and disability.
204. Types of work ability:
   a) general;
   b) professional;
   c) mixed.
205. Long-term or permanent inability to work due to chronic diseases has led to the breakdown of body functions- this:
   a) work ability;
   b) temporary disability;
   c) persistent inability to work;
   d) inability to work.
206. Functions of a medical certificate:
   a) financial;
   b) legal;
   c) medical.
207. The most frequent errors when establishing disability groups:
   a) diagnostic errors in hospitals;
   b) cases of exacerbation and simulation.
28. Types of aggravation:
   a) active;
   b) passive;
   c) pathological;
   d) mixed.
29. An imitation of the symptoms of human diseases- this:
   a) aggravation;
   b) simulation.
30. Functions physician during the examination of temporary disability:
   a) defining characteristics of a temporary loss of employment-based health assessment of the nature and working conditions, social factors;
   b) determine the timing of temporary disability;
   c) gives sick leave.
01. Contour health – is:
   a) combination of medical, demographic indicators;
   b) combination of social, demographic and medical;
   c) combination of social and medical.
02. What are the different types of sketch health?
   a) inflammatory and anti-inflammatory;
   b) infectious and non-infectious.
03. What are the characteristics of the infectious contour health?
   a) Mortality rates were about a hundred years 25-30 ‰;
   b) The absence of the epidemic in the structure of morbidity and mortality;
   c) Fertility rates - 40-50 ‰;
   d) Increasing several pathologies;
04. Health and social problems is a:
   a) world diseases;
   b) diseases of civilization;
   c) individual diseases.
05. By governors risk factors of diseases of the cardiovascular system
   a) smoking;
   b) floor;
   c) high blood pressure;
   d) age;
   e) stress;
   f) all of the above.
06. What is trauma?
   a) a combination of injuries that occur in different groups of the population in a certain territory for a certain period;
   b) combination of injuries that occur in the population at different periods of life.
07. Classification of injuries, depending on the cause?
   a) organizational;
   b) technical;
   c) sanitary character;
   d) production;
   e) personal data.
8. The structure of primary malignant neoplasms in mans
   a) Breast cancer, Skin cancer and Gastric cancer;
   b) cancer of the respiratory system, Gastric cancer and Skin cancer
9. Chronic mental disorder characterized by a pathological (remission) the need of the human body in alcohol- this:
   a) Drunkenness;
   b) Alcoholism.
10. Causes of growth Alcoholization:
   a) Socio-economic instability in the society;
   b) The availability and relatively low prices of alcoholic beverages;
   c) Reducing the interest of the state to address the problems associated with drinking and alcoholism;
   d) all of the above.
101. Abortion "for medical reasons" is permitted:
   a) regardless of gestational age;
   b) up to 22 weeks of pregnancy;
   c) up to 12 weeks pregnancy.
102. What characteristics correspond to non-infectious health contour
   a) Infant mortality rate - 300 ‰ and above;
   b)Excess mortality (13, 5 ‰) at birth (12, 6 ‰);
   c) The average life span - 30-40 years;
   d) Reducing infant mortality (7, 3 ‰).
103. Risk factors for cardiovascular system:
   a) health and social;
   b) guided and unguided.
104. By unguided risk factors for cardiovascular
   a) - Poor nutrition;
   b) genetic predisposition;
   c) Raising the level of cholesterol in the blood;
   d) Fatigue at work.
105. Classification injury according to circumstances?
   a) organizational;
   b) technical;
   c) sanitary character;
   d) production;
   e) non-production;
   f) intentional.
106. Types of childhood injuries:
   a) Household injuries, Street injuries and School injuries;
   b) Sports injuries and Traffic injuries;
107. The structure of primary malignancies in women
   a) Breast cancer, Skin cancer and Gastric cancer;
   b) cancer of the respiratory system, Gastric cancer and Skin cancer.
18. Systematic use of large amounts of alcohol is characterized not dependence people to him - is:
   a) Drunkenness;
   b) Alcoholism;
   c) cancer of the respiratory system, Gastric cancer and Skin cancer
19. Abortion "at the request of the woman" is permitted:
   a) regardless of gestational age;
   b) up to 22 weeks of pregnancy;
   c) up to 12 weeks pregnancy.
20. Abortion "for social reasons" is permitted:
   a) regardless of gestational age;
   b) up to 22 weeks of pregnancy;
   c) up to 12 weeks pregnancy.
201. Complications. after abortion:
   a) Secondary infertility;
   b) thrush;
   c) miscarriage;
   d) syphilis;
   e) The risk of developing malignant tumors of female genital mutilation;
   f) fatality.
202. The growth of sexually transmitted diseases associated with a set of "negative trends:
   a) early sexual activity;
   b) lack of proper sex education;
   c) widespread prostitution and promiscuity in the society;
   d) neglect of diseases;
   e) all of the above.
203.The main reasons for the spread of mental disorders are:
   a) growth of the primary disease;
   b) an increase in general morbidity;
   с) changes in the age structure of the population;
   d) changes in the sex structure of the population;
   е) armed conflicts, economic crisis.
204. Suffer from mental disorders:
   a) 10-15% of the population of economically developed countries of Western Europe and North America;
   b) 6-9% of the population of developed countries in Asia and Oceania;
   c) 02.5% to 5% of the population of developing countries;
   d) all of the above.
01. First Insurance Company originated in:
   a)England;
   b)Russia;
   c) Germany.
02. Basic preconditions for voluntary health insurance in Russia:
   a) low level of quality of medical care;
   b)a high level of quality of care;
   c) drastic budget cuts to health of citizens;
   d) increase the budget for the health of citizens;
   e) weak material and technical base of medical institutions.
03. Health Insurance losses from various causes, the restoration of health and labor capacity of the insured persons to free medical care in the amount of health insurance programs is:
   a) Health Insurance;
   b) Social insurance.
04. Events related to the cost of medical care in the event of an insurance event- it:
   a) insured event;
   b)insurance risks.
05. Positive aspects of health insurance:
   a) a large bureaucracy in insurance companies;
   b) each insured person is guaranteed the optimal amount of care;
   c) at the end of treatment in medical facilities additional entries;
   d) health insurance funds supplement the state budget;
   e) the formation of an independent commission of experts to monitor the health care.
06. The basic principles of health insurance:
   a) universal and compulsory;
   b) universal and compulsory, the nature of the state;
   c) universal and compulsory, the nature of the state and social justice.
07. Kind of financial and commercial activities, to ensure a higher level of care to insured persons as compared to compulsory health insurance-is:
   a) Voluntary health insurance;
   b) Compulsory health insurance.
8. Characteristics of the mandatory health insurance:
   a) Universal or mass, state budget;
   b) Individual or group;
   c) Carried out by state organizations, Individuals pay medical strahovanie- employers, state;
   d) Carried out by insurance companies,Policyholders - legal and natural persons;
   e) Funding sources: employer contributions.
9. Characteristics of voluntary health insurance:
   a) Universal or mass, state budget;
   b) Individual or group;
   c) Carried out by state organizations, Individuals pay medical strahovanie- employers, state;
   d) Carried out by insurance companies,Policyholders - legal and natural persons;
   e) Funding sources: employer contributions;
   f) Sources of funds: personal.
10. Definition of federal fund:
   a) a public non-profit institution;
   b) provides funding of health insurance companies.
101. Definition of adherence to professional standards is:
   a) Accreditation of health facilities;
   b) Licensing.
102. In Russia, the insurance companies have appeared in the:
   a) 1912;
   c) 1915;
   d) 1918.
103. System to protect citizens against social risks (illness, accident, loss of working ability, unemployment, old age, survivor and death) is:
   a) Health Insurance;
   b) Social insurance.
104. The purpose of health insurance:
   a) skilled care in the event of the insured event to control health care;
   b) high-tech help in case of an insured event to monitor health.
105. Event specified in the contract of insurance –it:
   a) insured event;
   b)insurance risks.
106. The negative side of health insurance:
   a) a large bureaucracy in insurance companies;
   b) each insured person is guaranteed the optimal amount of care;
   c) at the end of treatment in medical facilities additional entries;
   d) health insurance funds supplement the state budget;
   e) the formation of an independent commission of experts to monitor the health care.
107. Part of the social security system that protects all citizens, regardless of their age, social status, place of residence, income from social risk factors is:
   a) Voluntary health insurance;
   b) Compulsory health insurance.
18. Characteristics of the mandatory health insurance:
   a) commercial;
   b) Social (non-profit);
   c) Insurance as part of the financial and commercial activities related to personal insurance income, income entrepreneurs;
   d) Part of the social insurance system;
   e) Terms of insurance are determined by insurance companies;
   f) Insurance Regulations, certain public bodies.
19. Characteristics of voluntary health insurance:
   a) commercial;
   b) Social (non-profit);
   c) Insurance as part of the financial and commercial activities related to personal insurance income, income entrepreneurs;
   d) Part of the social insurance system;
   e) Terms of insurance are determined by insurance companies.
20. Subjects compulsory health insurance:
   a) natural or legal person who pays for health insurance and citizen;
   b) Health Insurance Company, medical facilities and funds (federal and territorial);
   c) natural or legal person who pays for health insurance, citizen, Health Insurance Company, medical facilities and funds (federal and territorial).
201. Definition of territorial fund:
   a) a public non-profit institution;
   b) provides funding of health insurance companies.
202. Licensure public health facilities for the performance of certain activities and services of the program of compulsory and voluntary health insurance is:
   a) Accreditation of health facilities;
   b) Licensing.
203. Who is the insurer?
   a) the person or entity that enters into a contract with the health organizations;
   b) a natural or legal person who pays for medical insurance.
204. The main objective of health insurance companies is:
   a) contracting with medical organizations;
   b) the payment of health insurance;
   с) conclusion of a contract with insurers and medical organizations.
205. Mostly public insurance system:
   a) USA;
   b) Germany;
   c) the United Kingdom;
   d) France;
   e) the Netherlands.
206. Mainly private insurance system:
   a) USA;
   b) Germany;
   c) the United Kingdom;
   d) France;
   e) the Netherlands.
207. What mainly insurance system in Germany, France, Holland?
   a) the state;
   b) insurance;
   c) private.
28. Medical insurance in Africa is carried out:
   a) the insured;
   b) insurance companies;
   c) health care organizations
01. List of free drugs and medical devices:
   a) mineral waters, with the exception of glass containers;
   b) mineral water in a glass container;
   c) medicinal leeches;
   d) telescopic spectacles;
   e) medical belts, tape applicators;
   f) stimulants and painkillers.
02.List of freе drugs and medical devices^
   a) elastic socks;
   b) bandages and elastic stockings;
   c) herbal remedies;
   d) narcotic drugs;
   e) glasses for people with damage to the orbit of the eye;
   f) manufacture and repair of prosthetic dentures, except for precious metals.
03. Requirements for blanks recipes:
   a) recipe in two copies;
   b) recipe in triplicate;
   c) permitted to write one medicine;
   d) necessary to emphasize the form of payment (or free with a 50% discount);
   e) validity of preferential prescription - up to 1 month, with the exception of prescriptions for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances (5 days);
   f) validity of preferential prescription is not limited.
04. Form for an appointment powerful psychotropic substances:
   a) Recipe e. №107 /;
   b) Recipe e. №148-1 /.
05. Form for the appointment of other drugs:
   a) Recipe e. №107 /;
   b) Recipe e. №148-1 /.
06. Work with the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances are not permitted entity:
   a) not attained the age of 18;
   b) not attained the age of 16;
   c) previously convicted of a misdemeanor or a crime related to illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances;
   d) who are accused of crimes related to trafficking in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances;
   e) patients with drug addiction, substance abuse and alcoholism, duly recognized as unfit for work related to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
07. Ban on prescriptions:
   a) in the absence of medical evidence;
   b) Medicines used only in medical institutions; (ether anesthesia, chloroethyl, fentanyl, Kalipsol, halothane, ketamine and other);
   c) For the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances;
   d) in the absence of social evidence;
   e) For addicts;
   f) Physicians in private practice.
8. Medicines for the treatment of only one disease, prescribed to patients on prescription free:
   a) AIDS and HIV-infected patients;
   b) Cancer (free dressings);
   c) Leprosy;
   d) Cerebral palsy;
   e) Radiation sickness;
   f) Systemic chronic diseases of the skin.
9. Medicines for the treatment of only one disease, prescribed to patients on prescription free:
   a) Bronchial asthma;
   b)Myocardial infarction (first six months);
   c) Myopathy;
   d) Cerebellar ataxia Marie;
   e) Diabetes (all formulations Ethanol 100 g per month, insulin syringes and needles, diagnostics);
   f) Mental illness.
10. Receive free drugs may:
   a) AIDS and HIV-infected patients;
   b) Cancer (free dressings);
   c) Leprosy;
   d) Cerebral palsy;
   e) Radiation sickness;
   f) Systemic chronic diseases of the skin.
101. Receive free drugs may:
   a) Bronchial asthma;
   b)Myocardial infarction (first six months);
   c) Myopathy;
   d)Diabetes (all formulations Ethanol 100 g per month, insulin syringes and needles, diagnostics);
   e) Mental illness;
   f) Schizophrenia and epilepsy.
102. Methods of state regulation of the relations arising in the field of drugs:
   a) State registration of medicinal products;
   b) manufacture of drugs;
   c) The licensing of activities in the field of medicines;
   d) Foreign trade turnover with drugs (except imports of medicines);
   e) Adaptation and certification of specialists working in the field of medicines;
   f) pharmaceutical activities of pharmacies.
01. The notion of "quality of life" includes:
   a) Socio-economic and political conditions in which there is a human community;
   b) Cultural and environmental conditions in which there is a human community;
   c) socio-economic, political, cultural and environmental conditions in which there is a human community.
02. The definition of "quality of life":
   a) it is an integral characteristic of the physical, psychological, emotional and social functioning of the patient, based on his subjective perception;
   b) it is the perception of individuals of their position in life in the context of the culture and values of the environment in which they live, in close relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.
03. The main characteristic of the multidimensionality:
   a) Quality of life in time varies depending on the condition of the patient due to the vicinity of endogenous and exogenous factors;
   b) This component of the quality of life is especially important;
   c) Quality of life includes information on the main areas of life: physical, psychological, social, spiritual and economic.
04. To determine the quality of life are two types of indicators:
   a) objective and subjective;
   b) medical and social;
   c) medical and statistic.
05. Objective measures of quality of life:
   a) cognitive;
   b) emotional;
   c) natural;
   d) social.
06. The components of the concept of "quality of life, no-independent of health" are:
   a) psychological well-being;
   b) education;
   c) social security;
   d) economic security;
   e) enviroment;
   f) physical security.
07. The most effective method of assessing the quality of life in the present:
   a) survey of the population;
   b) Statistical method.
8. General questionnaires designed:
   a) for the study of the quality of life of the individual categories and groups of patients;
   b) to assess the quality of life of healthy and sick people, regardless of the type of disease.
9.The psychometric properties of the questionnaire assessing the quality of life:
   a) reliability;
   b)multidimensionality;
   c) validity;
   d) the simplicity and conciseness;
   e) sensitivity;
   f) applicability in different linguistic and social culture.
10. What is reliability:
   a) a measure of the accuracy and consistency of measurement;
   b) the ability of the questionnaire to measure the characteristic for which it is intended measurement;
   c) the ability of the questionnaire to detect changes or differences in the quality of life in accordance with changes in the patient's condition;
   d) a check of psychometric properties of the questionnaire, ie, checking the reliability, validity and sensitivity.
101. High quality of life means that all aspects of human existence depend:
   a) from work, life, leisure, health, education and the environment in the presence of political freedoms, as well as the opportunity to enjoy all the benefits of culture - to meet the needs of modern man;
   b) from work, life, leisure and health- to meet the needs of modern man;
   c) from education and the environment in the presence of political freedoms, as well as the opportunity to enjoy all the benefits of culture - to meet the needs of modern man.
102. The main characteristic of the variability in time:
   a) Quality of life in time varies depending on the condition of the patient due to the vicinity of endogenous and exogenous factors;
   b) This component of the quality of life is especially important;
   c) Quality of life includes information on the main areas of life: physical, psychological, social, spiritual and economic.
103. Subjective measures of quality of life:
   a) cognitive;
   b) emotional;
   c) natural;
   d) social.
104. Classification of Quality of Life Questionnaire, according to the degree of specialization:
   a) the profile;
   b) the general;
   c) the performance;
   d) the specific profiles.
105. Special questionnaires designed:
   a) for the study of the quality of life of the individual categories and groups of patients;
   b) to assess the quality of life of healthy and sick people, regardless of the type of disease.
106. What is validity:
   a) a measure of the accuracy and consistency of measurement;
   b) the ability of the questionnaire to measure the characteristic for which it is intended measurement;
   c) the ability of the questionnaire to detect changes or differences in the quality of life in accordance with changes in the patient's condition;
   d) a check of psychometric properties of the questionnaire, ie, checking the reliability, validity and sensitivity.
107.What is validation:
   a) a measure of the accuracy and consistency of measurement;
   b) the ability of the questionnaire to measure the characteristic for which it is intended measurement;
   c) the ability of the questionnaire to detect changes or differences in the quality of life in accordance with changes in the patient's condition;
   d) a check of psychometric properties of the questionnaire, i.e., checking the reliability, validity and sensitivity.
18. The questionnaire consists of:
   a) 6 areas;
   b) 5 areas;
   c) 4 areas;
   d) 3 areas.
19.The questionnaire consists of the following areas:
   a) social relations;
   b) environment;
   c) spiritual sphere;
   d) medical.
20. Stages of development of Quality of Life Questionnaire:
   a) additional testing;
   b) pre-testing;
   c) demographic characteristics;
   d) assessment of psychometric characteristics (validation);
   e) cultural and linguistic adaptation.
201. The definition of "quality of life", according to WHO, 1996:
   a) it is an integral characteristic of the physical, psychological, emotional and social functioning of the patient, based on his subjective perception;
   b) it is the perception of individuals of their position in life in the context of the culture and values of the environment in which they live, in close relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns.
202.The main characteristic of the participation in the patient's assessment of his condition:
   a) Quality of life in time varies depending on the condition of the patient due to the vicinity of endogenous and exogenous factors;
   b) This component of the quality of life is especially important;
   c) Quality of life includes information on the main areas of life: physical, psychological, social, spiritual and economic.
203. Components of the concept of "quality of life related to health" are:
   a) psychological well-being;
   b) education;
   c) social security;
   d) economic security;
   e) physical well-being;
   f) spiritual well-being.
204. Classification of Quality of Life Questionnaire, according to the structure:
   a) the profile;
   b) the general;
   c) the performance;
   d) the specific profiles.
205. Requirements for the questionnaires assessing quality of life:
   a) reliability;
   b) multidimensionality;
   c) validity;
   d) the simplicity and conciseness;
   e) sensitivity;
   f) applicability in different linguistic and social culture.
206.What is sensitivity:
   a) a measure of the accuracy and consistency of measurement;
   b) the ability of the questionnaire to measure the characteristic for which it is intended measurement;
   c) the ability of the questionnaire to detect changes or differences in the quality of life in accordance with changes in the patient's condition;
   d) a check of psychometric properties of the questionnaire, ie, checking the reliability, validity and sensitivity.
207.Stages of development of Quality of Life Questionnaire:
   a) development issues;
   b) demographic problems,
   c) reducing the list of questions;
   d) increasing the number of questions
28.. The questionnaire consists of the following areas:
   a) medical health criteria;
   b) physical health;
   c) psychological state;
   d) level of independence.
29. Each domain is divided into:
   a) objects;
   b) subjects;
   c) subdomains.
30. Domain "Physical condition" includes the following sub-areas:
   a) energy and weakness;
   b) pain and discomfort;
   c) sleep and rest;
   d) Night and day.
01. The main tasks of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection:
   a) State supervision in the field of health and disease in order to protect the rights of consumers;
   b) prevention of harmful effects on the human factors of the environment;
   c) prevention of communicable and no communicable diseases;
   d) environmental protection.
02. In the activities of the sanitary epidemiological service are the following sections:
   a) Statistical;
   b) organization;
   c) normative;
   d) methodical.
03. In the activities of the sanitary epidemiological service are the following sections:
   a) Advisory;
   b) Mathematical;
   c) control;
   d) Scientific-practical.
04. Sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population provides:
   a) favorable conditions of life;
   b) is one of the basic conditions for the realization of the constitutional rights of citizens to health protection;
   c) favorable conditions of life, and is one of the basic conditions for the realization of the constitutional rights of citizens to health protection.
05. To achieve the sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population, the following actions:
   a) disease prevention;
   b) implementation of preventive measures;
   c) State Sanitary Epidemiological rationing;
   d) state sanitary and epidemiological supervision;
   e) conducting public health monitoring;
   f) all of the above.
06. A system of observation, analysis and forecasting of the state of health and the human environment, as well as determining the causal relationships between them is:
   a) Social health monitoring;
   b) medical monitoring;
   c) natural monitoring.
07. To provide information for monitoring using a number of indicators:
   a) mortality rates;
   b) human environment;
   c) morbidity rates;
   d) health indicators.
8. Indicators of human habitat:
   a) biological;
   b) demographic;
   c) chemical;
   d) morbidity;
   e) physical;
   f) social.
9. Health indicators:
   a) biological;
   b) demographic;
   c) chemical;
   d) morbidity;
   e) physical;
   f) physical health.
10. For violation of the legislation in the area of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population and the protection of consumers, the established responsibilities:
   a) disciplinary;
   b) civil law;
   c) administrative;
   d) criminal;
   e) all of the above.
101.Date of formation of the Federal Service for Supervision?
   a) September 15, 1922;
   b) 1999;
   c) March 9, 20004.
102.What is the main purpose of public health monitoring?
   a) the identification of factors causes and conditions of the adverse effects on humans;
   b) the adoption of targeted management decisions to prevent, eliminate or reduce adverse effects on humans;
   c) all of the above.
01. Мeans the area with special natural medical factors are:
   a) resort;
   b) landscape;
   c) forest.
02. All resorts may be divided into:
   a) two types;
   b) free types;
   c) four types;
   d) five types.
03. The type of resort where as the main curative factors are mineral waters and curative mud:
   a) Water climatic resort;
   b) Resort water treatment;
   c) Water mud resort;
   d) Mud resort;
   e) Climatic resort.
04. Suitable type of resort where as basic medical factors favor the climate and natural mineral waters:
   a) Water climatic resort;
   b) Resort water treatment;
   c) Water mud resort;
   d) Mud resort;
   e) Climatic resort.
05. The type of the resort, where the main therapeutic factors are natural mineral water:
   a) Water climatic resort;
   b) Resort water treatment;
   c) Water mud resort;
   d) Mud resort;
   e) Climatic resort.
06. The type of resort where as the main factor used natural healing mud:
   a) Water climatic resort;
   b) Resort water treatment;
   c) Water mud resort;
   d) Mud resort;
   e) Climatic resort.
07. Type of resort where as the primary therapeutic use of prophylactic factor climate:
   a) Water climatic resort;
   b) Resort water treatment;
   c) Water mud resort;
   d) Mud resort;
   e) Climatic resort.
8. Sanitary protection of the resort is:
   a) a system of measures aimed at ensuring the hygienic conditions of the resort and the environment;
   b) a system of measures aimed at ensuring the hygienic conditions of the resort, the environment, including natural therapeutic factors.
9. For resorts set of sanitary protection, consisting of:
   a) 3 zones;
   b) 2 zones;
   c) 4 zones.
10. For resorts set of sanitary protection, consisting of 3 zones:
   a) the zone of strict regime of restrictions;
   b) the surveillance zone.
101. Spa treatment:
   a) a system of rules and measures to ensure the establishment of the resort environment conducive to rest and treatment, and sanitary protection of the resort;
   b) a system of rules and measures to ensure the establishment of the resort environment conducive to rest and treatment
102. The main resort factors:
   a) the climatic conditions;
   b) landscape;
   c) mud;
   d) mineral water:
   e) all of the above.
103. For the uniform treatment of diseases:
   a) multiple profiles;
   b) one profile.
104. Composed of several specialized departments:
   a) multiple profiles;
   b) one profile.
105. Which uses gentle treatment and assigns full therapeutic procedures. This coincides with the examination of a patient, and no more than 2-3 days:
   a) The final stage;
   b) Basic Medical period;
   c) The initial period.
106. During which a fully implement therapeutic complex (about 20 days):
   a) The final stage;
   b) Basic Medical period;
   c) The initial period.
107. When the newly appointed sparing treatment, and patients are resting after a course of treatment (2-3 days):
   a) The final stage;
   b) Basic Medical period;
   c) The initial period.
18. Individually for each patient and is determined after the first conversation with the doctor who performed the first day of the patient's stay at the resort:
   a) the general regime;
   b) individual mode;
   c) spa treatment.
19. Applies to the entire territory of the resort and is regulated by the rules in this resort:
   a) the general regime;
   b) individual mode;
   c) spa treatment.
20. The current pace of life in the sanatorium, which may affect the patient:
   a) the general regime;
   b) individual mode;
   c) spa treatment.
201. For therapeutic interventions for health include:
   a)sanitary-differential mode of treatment;
   b) maximum use of natural therapeutic factors;
   c) health food; vitamins and medicines;
   d) treatment of opportunistic infections;
   e) educational process;
   f) all of the above.
202. Organization resorts depending on the age of children:
   a) children's age (1 to 3 years);
   b) children's age (1 to 8 years);
   c) preschool age (3 to 7 years);
   d) preschool age (8 to 12 years);
   e) school age (7 to 14 years inclusive).
203. Help for the permit:
   a) form №072 / 04-in;
   b) form №070 / y-004.
204. Sanatorium card:
   a) form №072 / 04-in;
   b) form №070 / y-004.
205. List of diagnostic studies and expert advice in the resort map:
   a) clinical analysis of blood and urine;
   b) electrocardiography;
   c) fluoroscopy;
   d) Ultrasound examination of the obstetrician (for women);
   e) the conclusion of psychiatric clinics and conclusion of appropriate specialists (with co morbidities).
206. In the direction of sanatorium treatment of the child must have the following documents:
   a) the permit;
   b) sanatorium card for children (Form №076 / y-04);
   c) policy of compulsory health insurance;
   d) enterobiasis analysis;
   e) Finally, a dermatologist;
   f) all of the above.

Экономика и здаровоохранение (англ.)
1. What is the definition of management is correct:
   А. The art of managing socio-economic processes towards more efficient industrial activities, using labor, intelligence, motivation of human behavior;
   B. Type of human activity directed at satisfying needs and wants through an exchange;
   C. Working with the market for the implementation of the exchanges, the purpose of which, the satisfaction of human needs and requirements;
2. The benefits of market relations - is:
   А. Focusing Resources on the production of necessary public goods;
   B. Flexible adaptability to consumer demand;
   C. Interest in environmental protection;
3. Borrowed funds medical establishment include:
   А. Funds targeted financing;
   B. Loans and advances;
   C. Sinking fund;
   D. Allocations from the budget;
4. "Target" tax royalties are include:
   А. The Road Fund, Pension Fund, to the mandatory health insurance;
   B. The road fund, pension fund, land tax;
   C. At mandatory health insurance, value added tax, property tax;
5. What is understood as the losses:
   А. Fine, a penalty;
   B. Compensation for moral damage;
   C. Actual damages and lost profits;
6. Economic efficiency of public health is reflected in:
   А. Achievement of prevention goals of diseases;
   B. Improving the condition of the patient;
   C. Reducing morbidity;
   D. Increased life expectancy;
   E. Rated contribution to the growth of labor productivity;
7. Salaries of medical staff consists of:
   А. Tariff, premiums, regular bonuses;
   B. Base salary, fixed and variable bonuses;
   C. Tariff, premiums, lump sums;
   D. Base salary, premiums, material assistance;
8. "Prime cost of medical services" - is:
   А. The totality of the costs of medical services, compensation which ensures the reproduction of the current health care facilities, as well as level of medical technology;
   B. The totality of the costs of medical services, which provides compensation for the expanded reproduction of the medical establishment;
   C. The amount of money that is paid by the consumer health care in mandatory health insurance;
   D. Fixed rate agreement;
9. Economy –is the science of::
   А. The use of limited resources to meet human needs;
   B. Rational management through the formation and functioning of the market mechanism;
   C. All the answers are correct;
10. What is the profitability:
   А. The ratio of profits to the cost price;
   B. The difference between the gains and costs incurred;
   C. The amount of the profit;
11. Marketing – this is activity:
   А. In the sphere of the sales market;
   B. In the sphere the exchange;
   C. В сфере торговли;
   D. Including analysis, planning, implementation and monitoring, as well as a conscious exchange of values between the market to achieve the objectives of the organization;
12. To own funds medical establishment include:
   А. Allocations from the budget;
   B. Financial reserves;
   C. Charter capital;
   D. Loans and advances;
   E. Accounts payable;
13. The main factor influencing the cost of health care services are:
   А. Labour costs;
   B. Labour costs, payroll deductions. Direct material costs, overheads;
   C. Direct material costs;
   D. Overhead cost;
14. The demand for medical services - is:
   А. The external manifestation of needs;
   B. The demand, backed by purchasing power;
   C. Aware of the need to provide medical services;
15. The cost price - this value terms:
   А. All kinds of costs associated with the production of a medical service;
   B. Only material costs associated with the production of a medical service;
   C. Prices are established by the service;
16. Health care financing in the current conditions is carried out by:
   А. budget;
   B. patients;
   C. Health insurance funds;
   D. All of the above;
17. Under the basic wage is meant:
   А. Wages, established in accordance with the agreement (contract);
   B. Payment for night work;
   C. Payment next holidays;
   D. Payment for work on holidays and weekends;
18. In some cases, the provision of paid services to make a profit:
   А. Gross income exceeds the total costs;
   B. Price exceeds total costs;
   C. Total costs exceed the gross income;
   D. Service price exceeds the gross median income;
19. Market segmentation - is:
   А. Dividing the market into smaller components;
   B. The enlargement of the market to a greater number of segments;
   C. Combining smaller segments in the large;
20. Positioning of medical services in the market is primarily dependent on the:
   А. Forms of ownership of health facilities;
   B. Location of health facilities;
   C. Profile of health facilities;;
21. Distribution of health services in health care is carried out by:
   А. Multi-channel marketing;
   B. Direct marketing;
   C. According to the principle of quotas;
22. The purpose of the management of non-profit health care facilities:
   А. Increasing the competitiveness of services in any way;
   B. Providing high quality services vulnerable people;
   C. Receiving a profit;
23. The main units of the medical establishment are:
   А. Profile of a hospital;
   B. Cabinets clinics;
   C. paraclinical department;
   D. Registry;
   E. Pharmacy.
24. The auxiliary units are:
   А. Profile department of the hospital;
   B. Cabinets clinics;
   C. paraclinical department;
   D. Registry;
   E. Pharmacy;
   F. Human Resources Department.
25. To direct costs (expenses) in health services include:
   А. All answers are correct;
   B. Salaries the core staff;
   C. Material costs are consumed in the process of providing medical services;
   D. Wear soft inventory in the health facility;
   E. Other expenses;
   F. The costs of travel and running patrols;
   G. The costs of the current economic purposes;
26. Indirect expenses (costs) in health services include:
   А. Salaries the core staff;
   B. Material costs are consumed in the process of providing medical services;
   C. Wear soft inventory in a medical institution;
   D. Other expenses;
   E. The costs of travel and running patrols;
   F. The costs of the current chores purposes;
   G. All of the above;
27. Payment for medical care provided in the framework of the mandatory health insurance; carried out:
   А. As budget fare;
   B. Tariff;
   C. At negotiated prices;
   D. As a free rates;
28. In the market of paid medical services equilibrium price or market price:
   А. Set a service provider;
   B. Determined by the demand for medical services;
   C. It is the result of the interaction of supply and demand;
29. The main types of leasing:
   А. Basic
   B. operational;
   C. promissory Note;
   D. financial;
   E. With foreclosures;
30. The main sources of funding in health care at the present stage are:
   А. budget funding;
   B. Funds of hedge funds;
   C. Paid medical services
   D. Budget and financing of insurance;
   E. Multi-channel financing;
31. The lowest observed healthcare costs currently:
   А. In the USA;
   B. In England;
   C. In Russia;
   D. In Sweden;
   E. In Japan;
32. The highest level of spending on health care is being observed:
   А. In the USA;
   B. In England;
   C. In Russia;
   D. In Sweden;
   E. In Japan;
33. Specify the distribution management solutions on time:
   А. Short term;
   B. Medium term;
   C. Long-term;
   D. All of the above;
34. Indicate what leadership style should be preferred:
   А. Administrative-command;
   B. Collegial (democratic) with a predominance of elements of cooperation;
   C. Performing (leadership is virtually absent);
35. As is known, a comprehensive health care plan always. Which planning method provides the connection of all sections of the plan:
   А. Normative;
   B. Balance;
   C. Analytical;
36. All marketing activities are focused primarily on:
   А. Improved product quality;
   B. Receiving a profit;
   C. consumer;
37. From the point of view of health inherent in marketing management functions such as:
   А. Planning, organization, coordination, control and accounting;
   B. The imposition of penalties, reorganization of management;
   C. All of the above;
38. Specific features of marketing in health care does not apply:
   А. Complex research of the healthcare market, including analysis and forecast market conditions;
   B. Formation of a complex of medical services;
   C. Price policy formation;
   D. Formation of the demand and sales promotion;
   E. Formation conditions and requirements for contracts and agreements between the subjects of the health care market;
39. Direct economic losses - is:
   А. Improved technique and the organization of an event leading to its cheapening;
   B. The result is improved prevention and treatment, which ultimately leads to a reduction of costs by saving funds to fight diseases and to reduce the economic losses due to disability and mortality;
   C. The direct costs of treatment, prevention, sanitary-epidemiological service, research and development, training of medical personnel, the payment of temporary disability benefits and disability pensions;
   D. Economic losses associated with reduced labor productivity does not decline in output and national income at the level of the national economy as a result of illness, disability and premature death;
40. Indirect economic damage - is:
   А. Improved technique and the organization of an event leading to its cheapening;
   B. The result is improved prevention and treatment, which ultimately leads to a reduction of costs by saving funds to fight diseases and to reduce the economic losses due to disability and mortality;
   C. The direct costs of treatment, prevention, sanitary-epidemiological service, research and development, training of medical personnel, the payment of temporary disability benefits and disability pensions;
   D. Economic losses associated with reduced labor productivity does not decline in output and national income at the level of the national economy as a result of illness, disability and premature death;
41. The price of medical services should be:
   А. equal to the cost;
   B. More cost;
   C. More or less, depending on the cost of the demand for the service;
   D. Equal to the sum of money for which the consumer is ready to buy, and the manufacturer to sell a service (goods);
42. The cost of medical services not included:
   А. Labour costs of staff;
   B. Accruals for wages;
   C. Payment of additional (beyond statutory) holidays;
43. Under profitability understand:
   А. Part of the cash proceeds institutions remaining after reimbursement of material costs;
   B. Net cash income of the institution remaining after reimbursement of material costs and funds for salaries;
   C. The ratio of profits earned from the provision of services to its full cost;
   D. The size of the expenses included in the cost;
44. The price of medical services is composed of:
   А. Cost prices and profit;
   B. Cost prices, profit and profitability;
   C. Only the cost price of;
45. The tariffs for medical services - is:
   А. The cost of health services;
   B. Cash amounts recoverable costs the state (municipal) health care in health care;
   C. Cash amounts recoverable costs of the medical organization for the implementation of territorial program mandatory health insurance;
46. To form piecework wages are:
   А. Direct piecework;
   B. Time-bonus;
   C. piecework;
   D. Multifactor;
47. Properties in health care can not be:
   А. healthy individuals;
   B. Means of medical work;
   C. Medical technology;
   D. Products Medical Industry;
   E. The resources of health facilities;
   F. Medical discoveries;
48. The needs of the population in the hospital is meant:
   А. The number of beds on a certain population;
   B. The percentage (share) of the population in need of hospitalization;
   C. The number of patients hospitalized for a year;
   D. The number of medical positions in the hospital a certain population;
49. Management decisions are formed in the following sequence: 1). Compilation and analysis of information; 2). Organization of execution; 3). The collection and storage of information; 4) Phase additional regulation; 5). Getting feedback; 6). Decision-making; 7). Control.
   3, 1, 6, 2, 5, 4, 7
50. On paid medical services in the voluntary health insurance rates are set:
   А. Commitments;
   B. Tariff;
   C. Free;
   D. Budget;
51. The health insurance organizations in the mandatory health insurance system is entitled to:
   А. Establish tariffs for medical services;
   B. Participate in the development of tariffs for medical services;
   C. Index rates;
52. The property insurance is insurance:
   А. Property of individuals and legal entities;
   B. life of citizens;
   C. citizens' health;
   D. able-bodied citizens;
   E. duties of Citizens;
   F. Duties conscientiously fulfill the contractual terms;
53. Personal insurance is insurance:
   А. Property of individuals and legal entitiesprices, the lives of citizens, duties conscientiously fulfill the contractual terms;
   B. The lives of citizensprices, citizens' healthprices, able-bodied citizens;
   C. Compulsory health insurance, the possibility of harm to patients and clients;
54. To carry professional liability insurance coverage:
   А. Property of individuals and legal entities;
   B. life of citizens;
   C. citizens' health;
   D. able-bodied citizens;
   E. Features of harm or material damage to patients or clients;
55. Territorial programs the mandatory health insurance:
   А. It is part of the territorial program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens;
   B. It includes a territorial program of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens;
   C. It is a stand-alone document;
56. The insurance contract in the mandatory health insurance system provides for the health care of the population in the:
   А. insurance risk;
   B. individual risk;
   C. Insured event;
   D. Appeal insured in hospitals for medical help;
57. The program of state guarantees for the population of the Russian Federation approved by the free medical care:
   А. The Russian Government;
   B. Federal Service on Surveillance in Healthcare;
   C. State Duma;
   D. Together the Federal Fund of mandatory health insurance and the Ministry of Health;
58. The program of state guarantees of free medical care to the population is approved:
   А. Each year for the coming year;
   B. Every three years;
   C. With magnification set by the subject of the Russian Federation;
59. Who is responsible for issuing licenses for mandatory health insurance:
   А. Russian Federal Service for Insurance Supervision;
   B. Territorial funds of the mandatory health insurance;
   C. Territorial funds of the mandatory health insurance together with the Federal Service for Insurance Supervision;
60. The sources of funds of voluntary health insurance are:
   А. Mandatory charges on wages for the working population and budgets of the appropriate level for the non-working population;
   B. Personal funds of citizens and funds of enterprises, institutions and organizations in profit;
   C. Mandatory charges on wages for the working population and resources of enterprises, institutions and organizations in profit;
61. When applying for medical assistance in the mandatory health insurance system the patient has the right to:
   А. Refusal of medical treatment under any circumstances;
   B. Carrying out a consultation experts named it;
   C. Available by primary medical documentation;
   D. Informed consent for any intervention;
62. What is the subject of insurance in the voluntary health insurance:
   А. financial risk associated with the reimbursement of the costs of providing health care and medical services in the amount stipulated in the insurance contract;
   B. any interest;
   C. The appearance of the disease, trauma;
   D. Forms of care that are not included in the list of state guarantees of free medical care;
63. With respect to the medical field the term "marketing" is?
   А. Diverse business activity in the market and sales;
   B. Entrepreneurship, which controls the movement of goods and services from producer to consumer or user;
   C. Comprehensive planning, feasibility study and production management of medical services, the pricing policy in the field of medical - diagnostic process and preventive measures, promotion of services and medical supplies to consumers, as well as management of their implementation;
   D. The social process through which the projected and expanded to meet the demand for goods and services through their development, promotion and implementation;
64. Medical Marketing - is a?
   А. The social process through which the projected and expanded to meet the demand for goods and services through their development, promotion and implementation;
   B. Diverse business activity in the market and sales;
   C. Entrepreneurship, which controls the movement of goods and services from producer to consumer or user;
   D. Activities aimed at obtaining information on the needs of the population in various kinds of medical and social care, providing health preservation;
65. The purpose of management:
   A. Reduce the number of cases of people with a large number of resources;
   B. Increasing the number of losses of society from disease, disability and mortality with the resources available;
   C. Reduction of losses of society from disease, disability and mortality with the resources available;
   D. Management, regulation and supervision of funded, labor and material resources;
66. In terms of management methodology which approaches are distinguished in the development of its theory and practice:
   А. Situational approach;
   B. Systems approach;
   C. Procedural approach;
   D. All is true;
67. One of the first management schools was:
   А. Quantitative school;
   B. School Scientific Management;
   C. The Classical School;
   D. School of human relations and behavioral sciences;
68. The founder of a school is considered A. Fayolle:
   А. School of human relations and behavioral sciences;
   B. School Scientific Management;
   C. The Classical School;
69. Management refers to the function, all but:
   А. Planning;
   B. Organizing;
   C. Motivating;
   D. Diagnosing;
70. The main methods of measuring labor productivity include:
   А. Quantitative, labor cost and methods;
   B. Natural, labor cost and methods;
   C. Natural, labor and pricing practices;
   D. All statements are true;
71. Why the need for changes in methodology and organization of financial and economic analysis and accounting in health care?
   А. The transition to health insurance and a market economy;
   B. Raising the level of professional qualifications of medical staff;
   C. Rise in price of treatment and preventive care;
   D. Higher prices for medicines;
72. Medico-economic assessment of the institution in the planning period - this is:
   А. Different schemes of treatment and diagnostic services;
   B. The program, which reflects the relationship of health care and financial performance of the institution;
   C. Plan and schedule of medical facilities;
   D. All statements are incorrect;
73. The essence of a structured approach to assessing the quality of care is:
   А. Certification, accreditation and licensing of the resource base of the institution;
   B. Application of the method of expert evaluations;
   C. End-point analysis;
   D. quality of service;
74. Microeconomic level of health reform characterizes:
   А. Out Health far beyond medicine, as an industry, designed to protect and promote public and individual health;
   B. General principles of the charter of medical institutions, the formation of the institutional and legal framework of the health system, the segmentation of the market regulators of health services;
   C. The implementation of specific laws related to the implementation of medical activities: financing issues property price mechanism, foundations wage settlement system, and so on. Etc .;
   D. A and B are true;
75. The level of labor productivity characterizes:
   А. The effectiveness of the use of labor resources, the value of labor-saving, labor individual worker, team, team as a whole;
   B. The cost of production of fixed assets in the unit;
   C. The ratio of cost of the total volume of material resources spent on production;
   D. It is true only B and C;
76. The essence of the method of measuring the labor productivity of labor is:
   А. Scoping with natural measuring instruments, such as tons, pieces, meters, liters, etc .;
   B. Scoping in monetary terms;
   C. Relations between the number of medical services and temporary labor costs for their provision;
   D. Qualitative assessment of the consumer;
77. he main sections of the medical and economic assessment are:
   А. Classification contingent on the selected rules and standards of behavior of patients in each group classification;
   B. The financing plan small amount of work for each group classification;
   C. Assessment of the economic parameters of medical works and services included in the standard of the organization;
   D. All statements are true;
78. Standard of care - this is:
   А. Charter of medical facility;
   B. Designed by experts and approved as mandatory in the state (federal) level, the optimal amount of action (PoA) for health care;
   C. The individual schemes of treatment and diagnostic services;
   D. A and B are true;
79. The procedural approach to assessing the quality of care involves:
   А. Technology assessment diagnostic and treatment process using the method of expert evaluations;
   B. Certification, accreditation and licensing of the resource base of the institution;
   C. End-point analysis;
   D. All of the above is true;
80. The overall aim of health economics:
   А. The study of economic relations objectively folding between people and arising in the course of medical professional activities;
   B. The development, adoption of laws and regulations in the field of public health;
   C. Achieving equilibrium of supply and demand in the market for health;
81. One of the major features of health care are what:
   А. The amount needed to achieve results in advance of resources can not be determined;
   B. Effectiveness in health is directly related to the magnitude of costs;
   C. There is a single nature of the calculations for the service (direct payment);
   D. A and B are true;
82. Describe the main groups of indicators characterizing human health:
   А. Demographic indicators;
   B. Socio-cultural indicators;
   C. Incidence rates of population;
   D. Indicators of physical development;
83. Specify the preconditions for the emergence and functioning of the market of health services:
   А. The availability and variety of forms of ownership and types of economic;
   B. The presence of competition, free access to the market and to the resources available;
   C. Have each participant of competition the full amount of market information;
   D. All statements are true;
84. Competition in the market suggests:
   А. A limited number of participants of market relations;
   B. Equal, free access to the market and exit from;
   C. The price control by the government;
   D. It is true all of the above;
85. The totality of economic forms that mediate the movement of business relationships and linking these relations in all their diversity into one - this is ############
   ...
86. The law of demand states that:
   A. Ceteris paribus offer varies in direct proportion to changes in prices;
   B. Ceteris paribus demand varies inversely related to the price;
   C. Ceteris paribus demand varies in direct proportion to the price;
   D. Ceteris paribus offer varies inversely related to price changes;
87. The offer in the market - is:
   A. Number of health care services that doctors may have a certain period of time;
   B. The number of health care providers that are willing and able to acquire patients for a certain period at a certain price;
   C. Limiting the minimum price at which producers are willing to provide services;
   D. A and B are true;
88. Reducing the supply of health services due to the increase of taxes leads to:
   A. Higher prices for medical services market;
   B. Reduction in demand from the consumers of health services;
   C. The fall in prices on the market of medical services;
   D. All of the above is true;
89. Exchange organized under the laws of commodity production and circulation, the totality of relations of commodity exchange - this is #######
   ...
90. Under medical subjects understand:
   A. The patient;
   B. Any medical institution that produces health services, regardless of ownership;
   C. Return all allegations;
   D. A and B are incorrect;
91. Select three parameters by which any market functioning:
   A. Demand;
   B. Taxes and fees;
   C. Price;
   D. Supply;
92. Number of health care providers that are willing and able to acquire patients for some period at a specified price, called #######
   ...
93. The law of supply states:
   A. Ceteris paribus offer varies in direct proportion to changes in prices;
   B. Ceteris paribus demand varies inversely related to the price;
   C. Ceteris paribus demand varies in direct proportion to the price;
   D. Ceteris paribus supply varies inversely related to price changes;
94. The point of market equilibrium is characterized by:
   A. Equality of market prices;
   B. excess demand for goods and services with a lack of supply;
   C. Excess goods and services when determining the market price;
   D. Equality between the amount of supply and demand (for example, the market for medical services);
95. The increase in demand for medical services market, due to the increase of wages of the population leads to:
   A. Price drop in the market of medical services;
   B. Reduction of supply from manufacturers of medical services;
   C. The rise in prices, increase in revenue of the medical institutions that provide services of this type.
   D. All of the above is true;
96. Complete definition. The system of organization of production, sales and trading activities of the enterprise medical-industrial complex focused on the demands of the market, called #########
   ...
97. Of the following select something that can satisfy a need or a need in medicine:
   A. Medical services;
   B. Pharmaceutical products;
   C. Medical equipment;
   D. All statements are true;
98. The systematic definition of range of data required in connection with the marketing organization facing a situation of selection, analysis and report on the results, called ######################### ##
   ...
99. The research method in which the required information is obtained by the selection and survey of experts on the proposed issues, is called:
   A. The method of expert evaluations;
   B. Method of Social Research;
   C. Method of incentives;
   D. Method of random selection;
100. Marketing as a human activity is:
   A. The system of knowledge of the principles, methods, means and forms of production management and staff;
   B. Entrepreneurship, which controls the movement of goods and services from producer to consumer or user;
   C. Activities for the production of goods and provision of services;
   D. All of the above is true;
101. The feeling felt by a person in the lack of something called #######
   ...
102. The demand, backed by purchasing power, is called:
   A. request;
   B. needs;
   C. goods;
   D. demands;
103. Which of the following conditions are necessary to carry out a voluntary exchange?
   A. Parties should be at least two;
   B. Each party must have something that is valuable to the other;
   C. Each party shall be entirely free to accept or reject the proposal on the other hand;
   D. All statements are true;
104. On what grounds often segment the market?
   A. geographic;
   B. Political;
   C. demographics;
   D. Psychographic and behavioral;
105. By what methods of marketing research conducted?
   A. The method of expert evaluations;
   B. Method of incentives;
   C. The method of sociological research;
   D. All of the above is true;
106. Indicate that includes technology marketing research:
   A. Identification of problems and formulation of research objectives;
   B. Selection of information sources and its direct collection;
   C. Analysis of the information collected and the presentation of the results;
   D. All statements are true;
107. According to the secondary system of marketing in health care include:
   A. annual reports of medical institutions;
   B. Profiles of persons participating in the study;
   C. state forms existing reporting medicines;
   D. All of the above is true;
108. Monetary value, market parameter characterizing economic relations between buyers and sellers on the sale of goods and services, called #######
   ...
109. Group prices for medical services, the amount of which is independent of the actual costs of medical institutions and are used to finance the targeted budget programs of care, called:
   A. "Budget estimates";
   B. Contract prices;
   C. Fees for medical services;
   D. All of the above is true;
110. What kinds of medical care rates are set?
   A. All kinds of medical care;
   B. In those kinds of care, which are included in the territorial Mandatory health insurance program;
   C. All of the above is true;
111. Free prices for paid medical services are influenced by:
   A. States;
   B. There is no single medical institution;
   C. Law of supply and demand, and a number of market factors;
   D. The population;
112. Specify the problems that are solved by means of pricing:
   A. Expansion of the sales market of health care services;
   B. The increase in mass of profit;
   C. Ensuring a balance of supply and demand;
   D. All statements are true;
113. Regulation of prices through the mechanism of supply and demand is an element of the system:
   A. State regulation;
   B. self-regulation;
   C. Brand regulation;
   D. Public regulation;
114. Advertising costs, the cost of raw materials, fuel, electricity, labor costs, ie, costs which vary with the volume of paid medical services are:
   A. Fixed costs;
   B. Variable costs;
   C. The marginal cost.
   D. All of the above is not true;
115. Describe the main functions performed by the price:
   A. Information;
   B. Stimulating;
   C. Control and Distribution;
   D. All statements are true;
116. The set of kinds of prices, whose interaction ensures the efficient functioning of the market economy, called ############
   ...
117. What is the difference in price from the state "budget estimates"?
   A. The state acts as a price list prices and include the typical actual costs and profits;
   B. State the price approved by the direct agreements between the medical institutions;
   C. do not differ from each other;
   D. All of the above is not true;
118. What is included in the price formation mechanism of medical services?
   A. Defining objectives (profit maximization, retention of market, etc.);
   B. Assessment of market conditions and costs;
   C. Increasing the number of medical services;
   D. Determining the method of pricing and the final price;
119. The structure of the price of medical services is as follows:
   A. The price of medical services = cost price + tax;
   B. Price = cost of medical services + profit;
   C. Price = medical service costs.
   D. All of the above is not true;
120. Net income - is:
   A. The profit remaining after the payment of income tax;
   B. Profits from the core activities before tax;
   C. All of the above is not true;
   D. All of the above is true;
121. Select the correct definition of the collective agreement:
   A. The legal act regulating social and labor relations in the organization;
   B. This regulation of social - labor relations in the organization or individual entrepreneur and concludes employees and the employer on behalf of their representatives;
   C. The legal act regulating social - labor relations in the organization or individual entrepreneur and concludes employees and the employer on behalf of their representatives;
122. Choose the correct answer:
   A. Wage fund - is the total labor costs of employees and social payments;
   B. wage fund - a document regulating the quantity and quality staff that it is advisable to perform involve entangling of the medical establishment;
   C. Both are not true;
123. Choose the correct answer:
   A. Standards number - set the amount of work performed per unit time, staff or group of staff in particular organizational - technical conditions of activity;
   B. Norms number - the number of staff needed to carry out their this or that institution functions and the specific scope of work defined by the regulatory indicators, and combinations thereof, calculated values;
   C. Regulatory population - set amount of work performed per unit time, staff or group of staff in particular organizational - technical conditions of activity;
124. Choose the correct answer:
   A. Standard time - regulated duration of the work unit staff or group of staff in a typed organizational - technical conditions of activity;
   B. Standards of the time - set the amount of work performed per unit time, staff or group of staff in particular organizational - technical conditions of activity;
   C. Standards of the time - the necessary number of personnel for fulfillment of the functions of an institution and a specific amount of work as determined by the regulatory indicators, and combinations thereof, calculated values;
125. Choose the correct answer:
   A. Norms of load - the number of staff required for fulfillment of the functions of an institution and a specific amount of work as determined by the regulatory indicators, and combinations thereof, calculated values;
   B. Standards load - set amount of work performed per unit time, staff or group of staff in particular organizational - technical conditions of activity;
   C. Standards load - regulated duration of the work unit staff or group of staff in a typed organizational - technical conditions of activity;
126. The main functions of wages are:
   A. Estimated;
   B. Compensatory;
   C. Remuneration;
   D. Piece System.
127. Salary is:
   A. Expressed in monetary terms of the national income, which is distributed over the quantity and quality of labor expended by each employee, and enters their personal consumption;
   B. Remuneration for work;
   C. all right
128. What are the factors affecting the value of wages:
   A. That's right;
   B. The level of organization of production;
   C. Productivity;
   D. Personal Service to the management;
129. The function of wages associated with the purpose of leading labor rights - seeking funding for life support:
   A. Compensatory;
   B. Reproduction;
   C. Stimulating;
   D. Evaluation;
130. The function of wages, allowing to estimate the size of the contribution of each employee:
   A. Compensatory;
   B. Reproduction;
   C. Stimulating;
   D. Estimated;
131. Advantages piecework wages:
   A. Easy payroll employees;
   B. Creating a strong incentive to increase the volume of its activity the employee;
   C. The possibility of planning the expenses of the payroll;
   D. The ability to more accurately assess and then match the input of employees;
132. Disadvantages hourly wage system:
   A. Severe motivation to increase the amount of work can lead to a decrease in its quality;
   B. It stimulates the physician to provide unnecessary services;
   C. Not enough to provide the link between the final results of the worker and his wages, which leads to the absence of the employee; economic incentives to increase the volume of its activities
   D. The need for controlling the work of the staff, who also receives a salary, which increases the cost of the organization;
133. Normal working hours an employee must:
   A. Not more than 36 hours per week;
   B. Not more than 40 hours per week;
   C. Not less than 36 hours per week;
   D. Not less than 40 hours per week;
134. Condensed working hours for workers engaged in work under harmful working conditions is as follows:
   A. Not more than 36 hours per week;
   B. No more than 32 hours a week;
   C. No more than 34 hours a week;
   D. Not less than 38 hours per week;
135. What should be the length of the working week workers TB institutions:
   A. 24 hours;
   B. 30 hours;
   C. 33 hours;
   D. 36 hours;
136. What is the main collection of legislation regulating the relations of employees:
   A. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation;
   B. Constitution of the Russian Federation;
   C. Budget Code of the Russian Federation;
   D. Labor Code of the Russian Federation;
137. To work at night is not allowed:
   A. Pregnant women;
   B. Citizens who have reached retirement age;
   C. Women with children aged up to three years;
   D. Workers under 18 years old;
138. Monthly wage worker, completely spent for this period of time the rate of working and performing work duties:
   A. It can not be lower than the minimum monthly wage;
   B. There must be no lower than the average salary in the region;
   C. Must match the volume of work done;
   D. must meet the qualifications of the employee;
139. The function of wages, provide appropriate level of payment for the amount of labor invested, thereby directs employees to achieve certain quantitative and qualitative results of work:
   A. Compensatory;
   B. Reproduction;
   C. Stimulating;
   D. Evaluation;
140. Regulated amount of time, the amount of work or the number of posts for a certain amount of work at certain types of organizational and technical conditions are:
   A. The norm;
   B. Standard;
   C. Regulatory population;
   D. Standards of the time;
141. The assigned amount of work performed per unit time, staff or group of staff in specific organizational and technical conditions of activity, standards of service are expressed in the number of visits an hour, day, year, number of patients per day, a year, including research procedures in the day, month, quarter , year or other time interval is:
   A. The rate of population;
   B. The rate of time;
   C. Norma;
   D. Norma load;
142. The subject of health economics is:
   A. Economic relations in the health sector, namely, relations of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of health goods and services;
   B. Economic relations developing between people as a result of professional medical activities;
   C. State revenues directed to health care;
143. The object of the study of health economics at the macro level are:
   A. Relationships are formed in the national economy in general and, especially, in those sectors that are directly related to health care;
   B. Chores communication within the health care system as a sector of the economy, consisting of a number of sub-sectors, industries and specializations;
   C. relations in the framework of a separate business entity; operating on the market of medical services;
144. The object of the study of health economics at the micro level are:
   A. Relationships are formed in the national economy in general and, especially, in those sectors that are directly related to health care;
   B. Chores communication within the health care system as a sector of the economy, consisting of a number of sub-sectors, industries and specializations;
   C. Relations in the framework of a single economic entity, operating in the market of medical services.
145. The object of the study of health economics at the MIDI level is:
   A. Relationships are formed in the national economy in general and, especially, in those sectors that are directly related to health care;
   B. Chores communication within the health care system as a sector of the economy, consisting of a number of sub-sectors, industries and specializations;
   C. Relations in the framework of a single economic entity, operating in the market of medical services.
146. Due to the interaction of some components interact health care market:
   A. Supply and Demand;
   B. Price and competition;
   C. All of the above;
147. The demand, which can not be met by existing market medical goods and services called
   A. Negative;
   B. Hidden;
   C. Irregular;
148. The elasticity of demand for medical services is considered to demand that:
   A. By reducing the price increases significantly;
   B. By reducing the demand for and prices of sales are growing at the same pace;
   C. By reducing the price growth rate of demand is less than the rate of reduction in the price;
149. Inelastic demand for medical services is considered to demand that:
   A. By reducing the price increases significantly
   B. By reducing the demand for and prices of sales are growing at the same rate
   C. By reducing the price growth rate of demand is less than the rate of decline prices
150. Medical services provided for a unified technology for the vast majority of patients and has a relatively stable pricing, is called:
   A. Complex;
   B. Standard;
   C. Individual;
151. Which of the features of the health care market is the inability of the patient to know in advance the consumer properties of the resulting medical services:
   A. Intangibility;
   B. Variability of quality;
   C. Uncertainty;
152. The disadvantages of competition in the health sector include:
   A. Patient choice between private and public medicine;
   B. Create overcapacity and duplication of services;
   C. The introduction of competitive market mechanisms in some areas of health care will reduce the quality of medical services;
153. Health economics - it is one of the sections:
   A Social Medicine and Health Organization;
   B. Microeconomics;
   C. Macroeconomics;
154. The subject of health economics is:
   A study of relationships between people on the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods and services;
   B. Development of methods for the rational use of resources to achieve the objective of protection of public health;
   C. The study of economic and organizational relationships that objectively arise between people in the course of professional activity;
155. The subject of health economics is:
   A. Economic relations in the health sector, namely, relations of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of health goods and services;
   B. The organization and financing of economic entities in the field of public health;
   C. State revenues earmarked for health
156. The essence of the analysis as a method of health economics is:
   A. The division of the studied phenomenon into its component parts and processes in the field of public health;
   B. scientific prediction of the most probable changes in the state of the health care industry;
   C. Integration of private processes and phenomena in general to identify the most important laws;
157. Methods that help to reveal the quantitative relationship of economic variables are called: A. Analysis and Synthesis;
   B. Mathematical and statistical;
   C. Household experiments;
158. For non-price factors, the demand for medical services include:
   A. Income of the population;
   B. The volume of the market;
   C. Exchange Rates;
159. Price elasticity of demand is:
   A. The ratio of percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in the price;
   B. The ratio of percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in income;
   C. The ratio of percentage change in the volume of supply to the percentage change in the price;
160. Demand elasticity of the unit for medical services is considered to demand that:
   A. By reducing the price increases significantly;
   B. By reducing the demand for and prices of sales are growing at the same pace;
   C. By reducing the price growth rate of demand is less than the rate of reduction in the price;
161. Medical services provided, as a set of simple services that reflect prevailing in each institution process of care for this disease, called
   A Complex;
   B. Standard;
   C. Individual;
162. At the present stage of planning in health care based on the principles of:
   A policy plan;
   B. Unity of methodical approaches to planning at all levels of the health system;
   C. ensure a balance in the development of all sectors of health care: state, municipal, private;
   D. All the answers are correct;
163. System in Health approach is that:
   A. The health care system is considered as a set of interrelated elements (its member health care organizations), with inputs (resources), output (target), the relationship with the external environment (communication);
   B. Health Development Plan (as an industry) is part of an overall plan of socio-economic development of the subject of the Russian Federation, municipal formations;
   C. Plan approved at the upstream level in its main indicators is binding on the downstream levels of government;
164. Policy plan in health care is that:
   A. The health care system is considered as a set of interrelated elements (its member health care organizations), with inputs (resources), output (target), the relationship with the external environment (communication);
   B. Health Development Plan (as an industry) is part of an overall plan of socio-economic development of the subject of the Russian Federation, municipal formations;
   C. The plan, approved at the upstream level in its main indicators is binding on the downstream levels of government;
165. The combination of sectoral and territorial planning in health care is that:
   A. The health care system is considered as a set of interrelated elements (its member health care organizations), with inputs (resources), output (target), the relationship with the external environment (communication);
   B. Health Development Plan (as an industry) is part of an overall plan of socio-economic development of the subject of the Russian Federation, municipal formations;
   C. Plan approved at the upstream level in its main indicators is binding on the downstream levels of government;
166. Current planning - this planning period:
   A. From 5-15 years;
   B. From 2-5 years;
   C. For a few months;
167. Long-term planning - this planning period:
   A. From 5-15 years;
   B. From 2-5 years;
   C. Up to 1 month;
168. Operational planning - this planning period:
   A. Up to 1 year;
   B. From 2-5 years;
   C. Up to 1 month;
169. Which sections of the program includes the provision of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens for 2013 and the planning period of 2014-2015 .:
   A. Types, conditions and forms of care;
   B. Sources of financial provision of medical care;
   C. Criteria for access to and quality of care;
   D. All the answers are correct;
170. Which sections of the program includes the provision of state guarantees of free medical care to citizens for 2013 and the planning period of 2014-2015 .:
   A. The average ratios of financial costs per unit of volume of medical care, the average per capita financing standards, methods of payment of medical care, the formation and structure of tariffs for payment of health care;
   B. The average amount of standards of medical care;
   C. Requirements for the territorial definition of the program in order to provide health care conditions, criteria of accessibility and quality of care;
   D. All the answers are correct.
171. Which features characterize public institutions:
   A. Financial support on the basis of the budget estimates;
   B. Income received in the independent management;
   C. Realty can not dispose of without the consent of the owner;
   G. Income taxes do not pay;
172. Which features describe budgetary institution:
   A accounts only in the bodies of the Federal Treasury;
   B. The income credited to the budget;
   C. Financial support only in the form of grants in accordance with the mission of the founder;
173. The basic principles of economic analysis are:
   A. Comparability;
   B. Comprehensiveness;
   C. Accuracy;
   D. The Systems;
174. The main indicators for economic analysis of honey. Organizations are:
   A. Analysis of the use of securities;
   B. Analysis of fixed assets of the medical organization;
   C. Analysis of financial resources;
175. The main indicators of competitiveness of honey. Organizations are:
   A. Clinical and economic analysis;
   B. Analysis of the use of human resources;
   C. SWOT-analysis;
176. Cost minimization - is:
   A. Method comparative cost studies in which analyzes two or more different types of treatment cost, each of which may lead to recovery;
   B. direct or indirect contribution of health to the growth of labor productivity;
   C. Commensuration useful results achieved at the lowest cost, objectively limited resources;
   D. The extent of achieving concrete results in certain conditions the costs;
177. Economic analysis in health organizations - is:
   A. Comparison of actual data with the planned;
   B. Method of comparative study of the costs;
   С. Scope of achieving concrete results in certain conditions;
   D. The set of techniques and methods of grouping and comparative evaluation indicators therapeutic productive and financial activities, which is intended to identify ways of rational use of domestic resources;
178. The basic tools of economic analysis are:
   A. Equity method;
   B. The index method;
   C. Factor analysis;
   D. All the answers are correct;
179. Index method - is:
   A. The method of statistical analysis used to study the dynamics of the phenomenon;
   B. Comparison of metrics both in volume and in value terms;
   C. Definition and classification of factors affecting the efficiency of the process under study;
   D. Comparison of actual data with the planned;
180. Analysis of "cost - benefit" - is:
   A. The analysis compares the costs of achieving quality common effects that differ quantitatively in relative terms;
   B. Comparison of loss ratio, profitability of one program over the other;
   C. expressed arbitrary units as a "gain in life years" or "in the prevention of death";
   Method
   D. Comparative study cost at which analyzes two or more different types of treatment cost, each of which may lead to recovery;
181. Analysis of "cost - effectiveness" - is:
   A. The analysis compares the costs of achieving quality common effects that differ quantitatively in relative terms;
   B. Comparison of loss ratio, profitability of one program over the other;
   C. expressed arbitrary units as a "gain in life years" or "in the prevention of death";
   Method
   D. Comparative study cost at which analyzes two or more different types of treatment cost, each of which may lead to recovery;
182. Analysis of "cost - utility" - is:
   A. The analysis compares the costs of achieving quality common effects that differ quantitatively in relative terms;
   B. Comparison of loss ratio, profitability of one program over the other;
   C. Expressed conventional units as "gain in life years" or "in the prevention of death";
   Method
   D. Comparative study cost at which analyzes two or more different types of treatment cost, each of which may lead to recovery;
183. Cost-effectiveness of health care - it is:
   A. The best use of material, labor and financial resources of society in order to achieve project indicators of public health;
   B. Part of the cost-effectiveness for the assessment of which requires an analysis of cost allocation based on a single service;
   C. The ratio of any of the results to the size of the resources expended;
   D. All of the answers are correct;
184. Efficiency - this;
   A. The best use of material, labor and financial resources of society in order to achieve project indicators of public health;
   B. Part of the cost-effectiveness for the assessment of which requires an analysis of cost allocation based on a single service;
   C. the ratio of any of the results to the size of the resources expended;
   D. No correct answers;
185. The main objectives of the analysis of the effectiveness of the medical establishment are:
   A. Identification of key factors influencing the activities of the organization;
   B. Justification and preparation to make important management decisions;
   C. Analysis of the economic situation;
   D. All the answers are correct;
186. The main approaches to determining the effectiveness of health care include:
   A. Medical, social, economic;
   B. Medical, political, economic;
   C. Social, political, economic;
187. Under the medical effectiveness will:
   A. qualitative and quantitative characterization of the extent to which the objectives in the field of prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diseases;
   B. Prevention of diseases, reducing the number of people with disabilities and premature deaths in the growth of the quality of honey. service as a result of health and social activities;
   C. Direct and indirect contribution of health to the growth of labor productivity, the increase in national income, the development of production;
   D. There is no right answer;
188. Social efficiency - is:
   A. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of the extent to which the objectives in the field of prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diseases;
   B. Prevention of diseases, reducing the number of people with disabilities and premature deaths in the growth of the quality of honey. service as a result of health and social activities;
   C. Direct and indirect contribution of health to the growth of labor productivity, the increase in national income, the development of production;
   D. There is no right answer;
189. Economic efficiency is characterized by:
   A. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of the extent to which the objectives in the field of prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diseases;
   B. Prevention of diseases, reducing the number of people with disabilities and premature deaths in the growth of the quality of honey. service as a result of health and social activities;
   C. Direct and indirect contribution of health to the growth of labor productivity, the increase in national income, the development of production;
   D. There is no right answer;
190. What caused direct economic effect?
   A. Improved technique and the organization of an event leading to its reduction in price;
   B. The result is improved prevention and treatment, which ultimately leads to a reduction of costs by saving funds to fight diseases and to reduce the economic losses due to disability and mortality;
   C. The direct costs of treatment, prevention, sanitary-epidemiological service, research and development, training of medical personnel, the payment of temporary disability benefits and disability pensions;
   D. The economic losses associated with reduced labor productivity does not decline in output and national income at the level of the national economy as a result of illness, disability and premature death;
191. Indirect economic impact caused by:
   A. Improving technique and the organization of an event leading to its reduction in price;
   S. The result is improved prevention and treatment, which ultimately leads to a reduction of costs by saving funds to fight diseases and to reduce the economic losses due to disability and mortality;
   B. The direct costs of treatment, prevention, sanitary-epidemiological service, research and development, training of medical personnel, the payment of temporary disability benefits and disability pensions;
   C. The economic losses associated with reduced labor productivity does not decline in output and national income at the level of the national economy as a result of illness, disability and premature death;
192. The main approaches evaluating the performance of health institutions include:
   A. Cost minimization;
   B. The cost - benefit;
   C. Cost - effectiveness;
   D. All the answers are correct;
193. Comparative studies cost method in which analyzes two or more different types of treatment cost, each of which may lead to a cure is:
   A. Cost minimization;
   B. The cost - benefit;
   C. Cost - effectiveness;
   D. Cost - utility;
194. The method in which a comparison is carried out breakeven profitability of one program over another is:
   A. Cost minimization;
   B. The cost - benefit;
   C. Cost - effectiveness;
   D. Cost - utility;
195. The analysis compares the costs of achieving quality common effects that differ quantitatively in relative terms - is this:
   A. Cost minimization;
   B. The cost - benefit;
   C. The cost - effectiveness;
   D. Cost - utility;
196. The analysis, which is expressed as the conventional unit, "the gain in years of life" or "prevention of death" - is:
   A. Cost minimization;
   B. The cost - benefit;
   C. Cost - effectiveness;
   D. Cost - utility;
197. Income healthcare facility include:
   A. The cost of its maintenance, the implementation of core activities and procurement of goods and services of other organizations;
   B. Cash or amounts received by him as a redistribution of income generated in the branches of material and non-material production, and through paid medical and other activities of the health facilities;
   C. Costs that vary with the volume of activity of health facilities (the cost of materials, medical supplies, salaries of medical staff);
   D. manager salary costs, the payment of interest on loans, rent, utilities;
198. Fixed charges - is:
   A. The costs that vary with the volume of activity of health facilities (the cost of materials, medical supplies, salaries of medical workers);
   B. The costs, which are independent of the volume of medical activity (manager salary, rent, utilities);
   C. Changes in the total costs required to produce an additional unit of a product (service);
   D. The amount of fixed and variable costs in a given volume of activity;
199. Variable costs - is:
   A. The costs that vary with the volume of activity of health facilities (the cost of materials, medical supplies, salaries of medical workers);
   B. The costs, which are independent of the volume of medical activity (manager salary, rent, utilities);
   C. Changes in the total costs required to produce an additional unit of a product (service);
   D. The amount of fixed and variable costs in a given volume of activity;
200. Total costs - is:
   A. The costs that vary with the volume of activity of health facilities (the cost of materials, medical supplies, salaries of medical workers);
   B. The costs, which are independent of the volume of medical activity (manager salary, rent, utilities);
   C. Changes in the total costs required to produce an additional unit of a product (service);
   D. The amount of fixed and variable costs in a given volume of activity;
201. The positive balance - it is:
   A. The difference between revenue from sales and the variable cost calculated in the "direct - costing";
   B. Status of the organization in which there is no excess of expenses over revenues;
   C. Consolidated formation of active and passive accounts, reflecting the state of the medical organization on the date of issuance;
   D. All of the answers are correct;
202. Balance sheet assets - is:
   A. The means by which a given structure of health care;
   B. Source of funds at the disposal of this structure of health care;
   C. Is it true only A and B;
   D. All of the answers are correct;
203. Passive balance - is:
   A. Means by which a given structure of health care;
   B. Source of funds at the disposal of this structure of health care;
   C. Is it true only A and B;
   D. All of the answers are correct;
204. The asset balance includes:
   A. Cash and securities;
   B. Inventories of material assets and long-term investments;
   C. real capital assets and amortization;
   D. All the answers are correct;
205. By the balance sheet liability include:
   A. Short-term loans;
   B. Long-term borrowing;
   C. Equity share capital;
   D. All the answers are correct;
206. Costs for the maintenance of medical organizations, the implementation of core activities and for the purchase of goods and services of other organizations - is:
   A. Revenues;
   B. Costs;
   C. Profit;
   D. All of the answers are correct;
207. The costs that vary with the volume of activity of health facilities - is:
   A. Fixed costs;
   B. Variable costs;
   C. Average costs;
   D. There is no right answer;
208. The costs, which are independent of the volume of medical activity of health facilities - is:
   A. Fixed costs;
   B. Variable costs;
   C. Average costs;
   D. All of the above;
209. The amount of fixed and variable costs in a given volume of activity of health facilities - is:
   A. Fixed costs;
   B. Variable costs;
   C. general costs;
   D. There is no right answer;
210. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of the extent to which the objectives in the field of prevention, treatment and diagnosis of disease are:
   A. The social efficiency;
   B. Medical efficiency;
   C. Cost-effectiveness;
   D. The commercial efficiency;
211. It characterizes the direct and indirect contribution of health to the growth of labor productivity, the increase in national income, the development of production are:
   A. The social efficiency;
   B. Medical efficiency;
   C. Cost-effectiveness;
   D. The commercial efficiency;
212. Medical insurance organization can not perform:
   A. Mandatory health insurance;
   B. Voluntary medical insurance;
   C. Social Insurance;
213. Duties and rights of insurance companies do not include:
   A. Signing a contract with a medical institution;
   B. Calculation of the cost of medical services;
   C. The financing of health facilities depending on the amount and type of activity;
   D. Monitoring the quality of care;
214. The insurance premium (payment) is:
   A. prescribed by law or contract the amount of money that is paid by the insured;
   B. statutory or contract the amount of money that is paid to the insured person;
   C. The value of a sum of money for specific health services;
215. Citizen having insurance Mandatory health insurance, can receive medical assistance in:
   A. territorial polyclinics;
   B. Any polyclinic of the village;
   C. Any patient department of the Russian Federation;
   G. Any out-patient department of the Federation;
216. The purpose of health insurance to guarantee the citizens:
   A. Life;
   B. Preservation and maintenance of health;
   C. disease prevention;
   D. Receiving medical care at the expense of the accumulated funds;
217. Who is subject to mandatory health insurance:
   A. Children;
   B. People with disabilities;
   C. unemployed population;
   D. The entire population;
218. Mandatory health insurance provides:
   A. social insurance;
   B. Personal insurance;
   C. property insurance;
219. Contributions for Mandatory health insurance of the working population is transferred to the health insurance fund:
   A. working citizens;
   B. employers;
   C. Administration of the RF subjects;
220. Contributions for mandatory health insurance of unemployed population transferred to the health insurance fund:
   A. Working citizens;
   B. Employers;
   C. Administration of the RF subjects;
221. What kinds of medical services rendered are divided:
   A. Simple, sophisticated and free;
   B. Simple and complex;
   C. Sophisticated and complex;
   D. Simple, sophisticated and complex;
222. Pricing - is:
   A. monetary value of the goods;
   B. The amount of production costs;
   C. Establishing prices for medical services;
   D. The monetary amount that the patient pays the market in exchange for receiving services;
223. Pricing Objectives:
   A. Covering costs continued their decline;
   B. Cost-effective production services;
   C. Ensuring cost recovery of production and sales, as well as the formation of profit;
   D. Increasing competitiveness;
224. Select the correct method of pricing:
   A. Method based on an analysis of break-even;
   B. Market-based methods;
   C. The cost method;
   D. The method of accounting return on investment;
225. What is the pricing strategy:
   A. This setting excessive prices in order to cut off most buyers;
   B. This system of principles for choosing the optimal price, in accordance with the objectives of the organization;
   C. It is improving the quality of the goods with respect to similar samples of competitors while increasing prices;
   D. That the establishment and adjustment of prices in accordance with the actions of leading enterprises;
226. What is a "leveling" the price?
   A. Improving the quality and scope of particular services;
   B. Increase of the price, depending on the specific requirements of the client;
   C. The combination of low prices for basic services and the high prices of complementary services;
   D. The reduction in the standard price, depending on the specific conditions of service;
227. Pricing in health care - a ...
   A. Establishing prices for medical services;
   B. The total amount of fixed and variable costs;
   C. Structure of the material resources of the medical organization;
   D. A and B are true;
228. The main types of pricing systems
   A. Market pricing and centralized state;
   B. Contract and budget pricing;
   C. Optimal and average pricing;
   D. True B and C;
229. Market pricing is based on:
   A. pricing by public authorities;
   B. The interaction of supply and demand;
   C. Growth of production of gold and silver from large deposits;
230. Centralized government pricing is based on:
   A. Growth in production of gold and silver from large deposits;
   B. interaction of supply and demand;
   C. Pricing by public authorities;
   D. A and B are true;
231. ######## - Cost of medical institutions, is completely determined by the estimates in accordance with the articles of the budget of the organization.
   ...
232. ######## - Prices approved between medical institutions and organizations, enterprises and other legal entities for the purpose of health care staff.
   ...
233. ######## - Established by the decision of the authorities; It focused on the payment of expenses and profit, as a rule, the regulatory.
   ...
234. Fees for medical services in the mandatory health insurance system - is:
   A. Reimbursement of medical organizations for the implementation of the territorial mandatory health insurance program; the payment of certain expenses; come is not included;
   B. Prices formed on the basis of supply and demand;
   C. Prices, formed by the decision of the authorities;
   D. A and B are true;
235. Methods of total and marginal costs, direct costs and methods based on the analysis of break-even, taking into account the return on investment and the method of price premiums are ######### pricing methods.
   ...
236. In the method of full cost pricing:
   A. Price calculation is based on total expenses and profit margin to be obtained;
   B. The price is determined by variable cost allowance for certain bonuses (profit);
   C. Based on an analysis of cost;
   D. A and B are true;
237. Method of direct cost pricing is in the fact that:
   A. Pricing is based on the total cost and the rate of profit to be obtained;
   B. The price is determined by variable cost allowance for certain bonuses (profit);
   C. Based on the analysis of cost;
   D. A and B are true;
238. The method of marginal costs is that:
   A. The price is determined by variable cost allowance for certain bonuses (profit);
   B. Based on the basis of cost; allowance is made only to the marginal cost of production of each subsequent unit already mastered the goods or services;
   C. Price calculation is based on total expenses and profit margin to be obtained;
   D. A and B are true;
239. The method of analysis based on the break-even is the fact that ...
   A. Pricing is based on the total cost and the rate of profit to be obtained;
   B. The price is determined by variable cost allowance for certain bonuses (profit);
   C. Use when the company seeks to establish a price for the goods at such a level that ensures that it produce the desired volume of profits;
   D. A and B are true;
240. The method of accounting ROI is that:
   A. It is used when a company seeks to establish a price for the goods at such a level that ensures that it produce the desired volume of profits;
   B. The main objective of the method is to estimate the total costs for the various programs of production of goods and determine the amount of the issue, the implementation of which will allow for a certain price to pay back the relevant investment;
   C. Price calculation is based on total expenses and profit margin to be obtained;
   D. A and B are true;
241. The method of price premiums is that:
   A. It is used when a company seeks to establish a price for the goods at such a level that ensures that it produce the desired volume of profits;
   B. Price calculation is based on total expenses and profit margin to be obtained;
   C. The final price is determined by multiplying the base price of the multiplying factor;
   D. A and B are true;
242. Establishing a price for the goods less perceived by consumers as an appropriate economic value of the goods - it:
   A. Strategy skimming;
   B. The strategy of penetration;
   C. Strategy tiered pricing;
   D. The strategy of the prestigious goods;
243. Establishing an inflated price for the goods with a view to cut off most consumers are:
   A. The strategy of skimming;
   B. The strategy of penetration;
   C. Strategy tiered pricing;
   D. The strategy of the prestigious goods;
244. Keeping busy market share and achieved level of earnings is:
   A strategy of skimming;
   B. Neutral strategy;
   C. Strategy tiered pricing;
   D. There is no right answer;
245. The strategy involves a market leader ######## prices in accordance with the actions of the leading enterprises in the industry.
   ...
246. Lowering the standard price, depending on the specific conditions of the service are:
   A. Compensation;
   B. Discount;
   C. Alignment of prices;
   D. An improved version of the service;
247. Methods for determining regulatory costs.
   A. Regulatory;
   B. Expert;
   C. Structure;
   D. All the answers are correct;
248. The method, which is based on expert judgment, the object of which is defined by a set of quality parameters - it is:
   A. Method of points;
   B. Method of the unit price;
   C. Method of regression analysis;
   D. A and B are true;
249. The amount of money owed to the medical organization of all its debtors - is:
   A. Insurance receivable;
   B. Accounts receivable;
   C. The tax debt;
   D. Accounts payable;
250. Which figure is characterized by the ratio of the number of bed-days spent by patients in the hospital, to the number of cases treated in the hospital?
   A. Implementation of the plan of bed-days;
   B. The average length of stay;
   C. Turnover beds;
   D. downtime beds;
251. Comparative evaluation of the quality of two or more treatments in a holistic interdependent accounting treatment outcomes and costs for its implementation called ########
   ...
252. A process for preparing the information for clinical and economic analysis:
   A. Clinical studies;
   B. Computer simulation;
   C. Retrospective analysis;
   D. All of the above;
253. The basic method of clinico-economic analysis:
   A "cost-effectiveness";
   B. «Minimising costs";
   C. «input-output";
   D. All of the above;
254. What method of clinico-economic analysis compares the costs of achieving overall quality, but quantitatively different effects in relative terms:
   A. The method of "cost-effectiveness";
   B. Method "minimizing costs";
   C. Method "input-output";
   D. a "cost-utility";
255. When using any method of analysis is carried out two or more treatments at various costs, but could lead to the same results:
   A method of "cost-effectiveness";
   B. The method of "minimizing costs";
   C. Method "input-output";
   D. a "cost-utility";
256. Which method is used when the result is complex and can be identified one or more not measured in the same terms effects:
   A. Method of "cost-effectiveness";
   B. Method "minimizing costs";
   C. The method of "input-output";
   D. a "cost-utility";
257. Management accounting techniques, often used to analyze the structure of costs of drugs and medical supplies in the organization called ########
   ...
258. Drugs that are effective for the treatment of less severe but significant diseases (WHO classification):
   A. Vital;
   B. Required;
   C. Minor;
   D. Significant;
259. Which include the analysis of two ways: formal and expertise
   A. ABC analysis;
   B. VEN-analysis;
   C. SWOT-analysis;
   D. ACD-analysis;
260. What analysis is needed to identify problems and opportunities in the market organization and empowerment of interaction with the environment:
   A. ABC analysis;
   B. VEN-analysis;
   C. SWOT-analysis;
   D. ACD analysis;
261. Health insurance organized by the state or a public body is usually termed
   A) compulsory health insurances
   B) social security
   C) all of the above
262. The direct method of financing health insurance is prevalent in which countries mostly:
   A) developing countries
   B) developed countries
   C) European countries
263. What is 'co-insurance':
   A) insurance covered by more than one insurance company
   B) where the insured pays a proportion of his costs
   C) insurance attained by working in a certain company
264. What does the insurance industry refer to by 'moral hazard':
   A) tendency of individuals, once insured, to venue in such a way as to increase the risk against which they have insured
   B) the allocation of health insurance in areas which have high risk for hazardous accidents
   C) the deficit of resources that make it difficult for the distribution of health insurance to be shared equally in the society
265. When analyzing insurance systems in developing countries, which the following factors are of particular importance:
   A) occupational hazards
   B) coverage of the population
   C) all of the above
266. Which one of the following is an advantage of the direct method of health care coverage:
   A) salaries and hospital budgets are ideal
   B) incentive for high productivity
   C) efficient use of paramedical staff
267. Health insurance will be better distributed among the population if:
   A) the low income rural areas use the resources more and the high income urban areas use the resources less
   B) the low income rural areas use the resources less and the high income urban areas use the resources more
   C) both the low income rural areas and the high income urban areas use the resources more
268. The effect of the insurance system can be evaluated in terms of:
   A) The distribution of financial costs over the population
   B) The efficiency of these services, that is the provision of care at least cost
   C) All of the above
269. The three principal types of insurance are:
   A) government insurance, hospital insurance, employer-based insurance
   B) government insurance, private insurance, employer-based insurance
   C) hospital insurance, private insurance, employer-based insurance
270. Insurance markets suffer from market failures particularly those associated with:
   A) moral hazardous
   B) adverse selection
   C) all of the above
271. The main criticisms of budgetary procedures include all of the following except:
   A) expenditure records are often available for use in budgeting, with adequate accounting systems
   B) it is difficult to formulate budgets that help to achieve the governments objectives because the objectives are not clearly specified
   C) the budget system is often ignored by planners, although budgets have a crucial on allocation of patterns.
272. The main criticisms of budgetary procedures include all of the following except:
   A) budgeting is often a completely separate activity from planning
   B) budgeting is often a non-centralized procedure, every manager feels responsible
   C) budgeting has been established as a form of expenditure control, not in support of planning activities
273. The essential feature of 'programme planning' is:
   A) its accomplishments are specified in terms of physical outputs and unit costs
   B) it focuses on the importance of things to be acquired such as manpower, supplies
   C) it focuses on the importance of work to be done, or service to be provided
274. Point out a basic element of programme budgeting:
   A) classifying expenditures by input oriented programmes, supplies necessary to accomplish the task
   B) using the out-put oriented programmes as a framework for planning and monitoring progress towards objectives
   C) all of the above
275. 'Programme budgeting' is best described as:
   A) a planning procedure
   B) a budgeting procedure
   C) a framework that links planning and budgeting
276. The programme structure within the programme budget for health can be based on which of the following classification systems:
   A) disease categories (e.g. vector-borne and diarrhoeal diseases)
   B) target groups (e.g. lower income groups, unemployed)
   C) all of the above
277. The programme structure within the programme budget for health can be based on which of the following classification systems:
   A) client goups (e.g. physically disabled, mentally ill)
   B) fashion groups (e.g. dress codes, taste in music)
   C) all of the above
278. Programme budget information helps in what way:
   A) predicting the probable future weather conditions of a particular site or area
   B) to evaluate whether a new plan will improve resource allocation
   C) to investigate causes of epidemic outbreaks and contain the cases
279. Alternative budgetary reforms of existing budgetary procedures that could strengthen the budget process are:
   A) centralization of budgetary control (e.g. to the urban centres)
   B) re-structuring of budgets to reflect the de-centralized approach
   C) all of the above
280. What is 'zero-based' budgeting:
   A) establishing budgets on a 'basic needs basis'
   B) planning without the employment of expenditures
   C) not having a budget plan
281. Financial planning assists in which of the following elements of the planning process for the health system:
   A) determining the duration of visiting hours for the hospitalized
   B) monitoring budgets and controlling expenditure
   C) planning the correct treatment for diabetic patients
282. Financial planning has both a long-term and a short-term component, which statement best describes these components.
   A) short-term financial planning mainly focuses on the implementation of detailed plans into action
   B) short-term financial planning provides a framework for affordable policies that will carry the project through to the end
   C) long-term financial planning mainly focuses on implementation of detailed plans into action
283. The approach to financial planning for the Managerial Process for National Health Development (MPNHD) includes:
   A) programme budgeting
   B) covering insurance
   C) all of the above
284. The approach to financial planning for the Managerial Process for National Health Development (MPNHD) includes:
   A) formulation of national health policies
   B) evaluation of development health strategies
   C) all of the above
285. Four main steps are involved in the development of the Financial Master Plan (FMP), these are:
   A) establishing a base line- expenditure estimates- cost estimates- reconciling cost and expenditure
   B) establishing a base line- expenditure estimates- income estimates- reconciling income and expenditure
   C) establishing a base line- profit estimates- income estimates- reconciling income and profit
286. How may the long-term financial plan differ from the master financial plan:
   A) it may not be orientated to purpose achievement
   B) it may take a shorter life span
   C) it may distribute itself to many elements of the health sector
287. What is Economic evaluation:
   A) the therapeutic consequences of a treatment in real world conditions
   B) a comparative analysis of two or more alternatives in terms of their costs and consequences
   C) the assessment of the robustness of study results through systemic variation of key variables
288. what is Incremental cost:
   A) the extra cost of one extra unit of product or service delivered
   B) the cost of pain of pain or suffering as a result of illness or treatment
   C) the additional cost that one service or programme imposes over another
289. Major issues arising from the consideration of long-term financial planning include:
   A) should the expenditure projections be based on health programmes or on health facilities
   B) which health department is responsible for the framework
   C) all of the above
290. With regard to the issues arising from long-term planning, there is a need for:
   A) simplicity and rigidity
   B) simplicity and flexibility
   C) complexity and flexibility
291. The common problems for most countries in their health policy include all except:
   A) utility cost
   B) misallocation
   C) inequity
292. What is the relevance of encouraging diversity and competition in improving the health system:
   A) to provide universal care for the population
   B) to offer a variety of health service choices for their providers
   C) to make sure quality care is not available to all
293. The general policy in the field of health care in developing countries includes all except:
   A) bureaucratization and centralization of the health services system
   B) assurance of accessibility of health care for all segments of the population
   C) development of appropriate capacity building based on assessed needs
294. What effect does income per capital generally have on life expectancy of a country:
   A) the higher the income per capital, the lower the life expectancy
   B) the lower the income per capital, the higher the life expectancy
   C) the higher the income per capital, the higher the life expectancy
295. What can the government do in response to the problems faced in the health systems
   A) controlling costs
   B) promoting competition
   C) all of the above
296. Governments can promote diversity and competition in their provision of health and insurance by adopting policies that:
   A) discourage private insurance services outside the essential package
   B) encourage suppliers to deliver clinical services and provide input.
   C) conceal information on provider performance
297. Which one of the following is NOT a priority of the policy of health care in developing countries:
   A) providing special attention to the health needs of victims of natural disasters
   B) bureaucratization and centralizing of the health services
   C) the promotion of occupational health and safety
298. Which one of the following is NOT a priority of the policy of health care in developing countries:
   A) the control of communicable diseases, epidemics and poor living conditions
   B) providing special attention to the health needs of those in the forefront of productivity
   C) providing better insurance for the high class population
299. What role does education have in strengthening household capacity:
   A) prevention of health risks
   B) practice better domestic hygiene
   C) all of the above
300. Health care finance can be covered by which method:
   A) Employer financed schemes
   B) Direct household expenditure
   C) all of the above are correct
301. Health Economics is concerned with such matters as:
   A) maintaining the appropriate climate conditions of a site or area
   B) the allocation of resources between various health promoting activities.
   C) all of the above
302. The standard market solution generally fails due to problems such as:
   A) moral hazard
   B) supplier induced demand
   C) all of the above
303. Health care activities can be divided into two groups, these are:
   A) Economic and Social activities
   B) Professional and Social activities
   C) Professional and Economic activities
304. Mathematical and statistical methods and research tools in health economics are used to:
   A) provide the society with the appropriate nutritional supply
   B) determine the quantitative relationship of economic variables
   C) improve the working conditions of the medical organizations and the overall institutional relations
305. Equity method in health economics is used to:
   A) provide a well defined quantitative relationship between two comparisons
   B) determine the quantitative relationship of economic variables
   C) improve the working conditions of the medical organizations and the overall institutional relation
306. What are the characteristics of the supply of health services?
   A) cost of production
   B) market for equipment
   C) all of the above
307. Factors that directly affect health include all except:
   A) poverty
   B) food intake
   C) place of birth
308. What is the difference between health and 'health care'?
   A) 'health care' is the state of an individual or community, affected by other factors such as health
   B) health is a state of an individual or community, affected by other factors such as 'health care'
   C) the two terms are mutually the same
310. What is the WHO definition of health?
   A) a state of physical, mental and social well-being or absence of disease or infirmity
   B) a state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
   C) a state of physical, mental and social well-being regardless of the absence of disease or infirmity
311. Which one of the following statements is true:
   A) prices have no effect on what the society wants
   B) the non-market system does not require conscious decision making about production
   C) a central feature of the market is the price mechanism
312. What are the ideal conditions for the market and price mechanism to operate:
   A) conditions of adequate supply
   B) conditions of adequate demand
   C) conditions of perfect competition
313. Which one of following is NOT a condition for perfect competition:
   A) product differentiation, with quality differences
   B) a large number of buyers and sellers
   C) assumption of self interest, each producer aiming to maximize profit
314. How is health care largely distinguished from other goods?
   A) unlike other commodities, health care is in abundance
   B) patients have a direct involvement in the production as wall as in the consumption of health care
   C) health care requires allocation and institutions to organize its allocation
315. Which one of the following statements is true:
   A) the health care market does not function according to the theory of perfect competition
   B) the health care market functions according to the theory of perfect competition
   C) health care cannot be treated in the same way as other commodities
316. The main health market failures include all listed except:
   A) risk and uncertainty
   B) competition and barriers to market entry
   C) insurance covers
317. Three main perspectives have influenced the balance of equity in the society, these are:
   A) libertarian views, political views, collectivist views
   B) libertarian views, liberal views, collectivist views
   C) political views, liberal views, collectivist views
318. From an equity perspective, pick an argument which is NOT against the market-based allocation of goods:
   A) ill health may further limit income earning capacity
   B) tax falls more heavily on high-income groups than low in-come groups
   C) the market assumes that individuals are self-interested and seek to maximize their own profit
319. Which of the following is NOT a role of Government Intervention in health care:
   A) restore conditions of perfect competition by allocative measures.
   B) allowing markets to work by distributive measures.
   C) transfer payments to the high-income by price regulation measures
320. Which of the following are among the reasons why the socialized health care system does not exist in its ideal form in the real world:
   A) there will always be some non-price impediments to access that make complete equality hard to achieve
   B) a socialized health care system relies on market forces for resource allocation, it cannot be planned.
   C) a socialized health care system does not emphasize interest of producer above consumer interest.
321. The 'demand curve' shows the relationship between what factors?:
   A) quantity demanded (Qd) and changes in income (Y)
   B) quantity demanded (Qd) and price of the good (P)
   C) quantity demanded (Qd) and quantity supplied (Qs)
322. How is the Elasticity of demand (Ed) measured?
   A) % change in price of good (P) divided by % change in quantity demanded (Qd)
   B) % change in quantity demanded (Qd) divided by % change in income (Y)
   C) % change in quantity demanded (Qd) divided by % change in price (P)
323. How is the Elasticity of supply (Es) measured?
   A) % change in quantity supplied (Qs) divided by % change in price (P)
   B) % change in quantity demanded (Qd) divided by % change in price (P)
   C) % change in quantity demanded (Qd) divided by % change in income (Y)
324. Equilibrium in a market is achieved when:
   A) cost equals demand
   B) supply equals demand
   C) supply equals cost
325. Inelastic demand shows:
   A) not much change in quantity supplied as price increases
   B) no change in price as quantity purchased increases
   C) no change in quantity purchased as price falls
326. Inelastic supply shows:
   A) not much change in quantity suppled as price increases
   B) no change in price as quantity purchased increases
   C) no change in quantity purchased as price falls
327. Supply and demand analysis can be used to consider policy changes such as:
   A) social equity
   B) allocation of services
   C) price controls
328. If there are positive external benefits from the consumption of a good or service, society's demand curve:
   A) will be to the right of the individual demand curve
   B) will be to the left of the individual demand curve
   C) will not change in relation to the individual demand curve
329. Which three peculiarities of the supply of health care complicate its analysis:
   A) waiting list, complexity of organization, specialized input markets
   B) complexity of product, waiting list, specialized input markets
   C) complexity of product, complexity of organization, specialized input markets
330. Which of the following is NOT an example of a health service that is needed but not necessarily demanded by the individual:
   A) early treatment of hypertension
   B) cosmetic surgery
   C) radiotherapy
331. Scarcity has two sides, these are:
   A) the finite nature of human wants, and the finite or limited nature of resources
   B) the infinite nature of human wants, and the infinite or unlimited nature of resources
   C) the infinite nature of human wants, and the finite or limited nature of resources
332. Generally, costs can be grouped objectively as:
   A) expensive, cheap, affordable
   B) taxes, fines, purchases
   C) direct, indirect, intangible
333. For the health care programme, what three main categories of costs must be considered if the evaluation is being made from the widest perspective of the viewpoint of society as a whole:
   A) health service costs, costs borne by patients and their families, external costs borne by the rest of society
   B) health service costs, costs borne by patients and their families, internal costs borne by the department
   C) health insurance costs, costs borne by associated health companies, external costs borne by the rest of society
334. What is “shadow pricing”:
   A) a method used to conceal the actual cost of the merchandise
   B) a method used to impute values to indirect costs
   C) a method used to budget for sudden unpredictable costs
335. Capital costs over the lifetime of the asset have two elements, these are:
   A) taxes and insurance
   B) repairs and upgrades
   C) interest and depreciation
336. Which of the following statements is correct:
   A) Financial cost represents actual expenditure on goods and services purchased
   B) Financial cost include the estimated value of goods or services for which there were no financial transacttion
   C) Economic cost represents actual expenditure on goods and services purchased
337. Econimic evaluation is determined preferrably from whose viewpoint:
   A) the society at large
   B) the hospital
   C) the government
338. The basic tasks of any economic evaluation include all EXCEPT:
   A) to criticize
   B) to measure
   C) to compare
339. All relevant cost and benefit variables must be:
   A) identified, quantified, and criticized
   B) identified, quantified, and valued
   C) identified, criticized, and valued
340. An example of an immediate (direct) benefit to health would be:
   A) impacts on well-being
   B) quality adjusted life year (QALY)
   C) reduction in tumor size
341. The different techniques of economic evaluation are:
   A) cost effectiveness analysis, cost utility analysis, cost benefit analysis
   B) cost supply analysis, cost utility analysis, cost benefit analysis
   C) cost effectiveness analysis, cost utility analysis, cost supply analysis
342. Examples of measures of effectiveness include
   A) lives saved, life years gained
   B) complications avoided, pain or symptom free days
   C) all of the above
343. Cost-Minimisation advantages are:
   A) simple to carry out
   B) can only be used in narrow range of situations
   C) requires that outcomes be equivalent
344. Cost-Minimisation disadvantages are:
   A) avoids needlessly quantifying data
   B) requires that outcomes be equivalent
   C) simple to carry out
345. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis advantages are:
   A) often able to use outcome measures which are meaningful in a particular field
   B) may have situations when the option with the highest cost effectiveness ratio should be chosen
   C) meanings of outcome measure are always clear
346. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis disadvantages are:
   A) meanings of outcome measures are not always clear
   B) often able to use outcome measures which are not significant in a particular field
   C) relatively simple to carry out
347. When should Cost Utility Analysis (CUA) be used:
   A) when the effectiveness data show that the new programme is dominant
   B) when we wish to compare a programme to others that have already been evaluated using CUA
   C) when the effectiveness data show that the alternatives are equally effective in all aspects of importance to consumers
348. When should we NOT use Cost Utility Analysis (CUA):
   A) when we wish to compare a programme to others that have already been evaluated using CUA
   B) when health-related quality of life is the important outcome
   C) when the effectiveness data show that the new programme is dominant
349. Advantages of information gained from Cost per Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY):
   A) comparability of Cost Utility Analysis (CUA) studies
   B) considers length and quality of life
   C) only health service costs
350. Disadvantages of information gained from Cost per Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALY):
   A) comparability of Cost Utility Analysis (CUA) studies
   B) considers length and quality of life
   C) common currency
351. Environmental services of the health sector include:
   A) occupational safety
   B) water sanitation
   C) all of the above
352. Which of the following factors in health care financing gives the correct correlation to the influence on the health service section:
   A) Economic recession – high inflation rates increase the governments ability to maintain health care
   B) Concerns about equity – providing additional resources to the health sector improves health care of the middle class
   C) Demographic changes – there are lower health service unit costs associated with the young and old age population
353. In the criteria for choosing a financial system, which of the following elaborations regards the 'Viability and ease of using the system':
   A) this implies bureaucratic and cost simplicity
   B) net revenue minus earning ability = revenue minus operating costs
   C) that is equal access to care for those in equal need
354. Public Sources for health care funding include:
   A) Social health insurances sponsored by government community funding
   B) Employers based on health insurances
   C) Foreign aid or development loans
355. Private Sources for health care funding include:
   A) Social health insurances sponsored by government community funding
   B) Employers based on health insurances
   C) Foreign aid or development loans
356. External Financing Sources for health care funding include:
   A) Social health insurances sponsored by government community funding
   B) Employers based on health insurances
   C) Foreign aid or development loans
357. Within the government financing system, the decision to borrow and spend funds in the present and repay them over some period of time is called:
   A) deficit financing
   B) lotteries and betting
   C) social insurance
358. Within the government financing system, the decision to finance health care from a percentage of the worker's wages, and imposing higher tax on the employers is called:
   A) deficit financing
   B) lotteries and betting
   C) social insurance
359. Private financing for health can be direct or indirect, which of the following descriptions about the two methods is correct:
   A) direct payment is payment by sharing of health care costs, indirect payment is an out of pocket payment to a wide range of providers
   B) direct payment is an out of pocket payment to a wide range of providers, indirect payment is payment by sharing of health care costs
   C) none of the above is correct
360. Health care finance can be covered by which method:
   A) Employer financed schemes
   B) Direct household expenditure
   C) all of the above are correct
361. Health insurance organized by the state or a public body is usually termed
   A) compulsory health insurances
   B) social security
   C) all of the above
362. The direct method of financing health insurance is prevalent in which countries mostly:
   A) developing countries
   B) developed countries
   C) European countries
363. What is 'co-insurance':
   A) insurance covered by more than one insurance company
   B) where the insured pays a proportion of his costs
   C) insurance attained by working in a certain company
364. What does the insurance industry refer to by 'moral hazard':
   A) tendency of individuals, once insured, to venue in such a way as to increase the risk against which they have insured
   B) the allocation of health insurance in areas which have high risk for hazardous accidents
   C) the deficit of resources that make it difficult for the distribution of health insurance to be shared equally in the society
365. When analyzing insurance systems in developing countries, which the following factors are of particular importance:
   A) occupational hazards
   B) coverage of the population
   C) all of the above
366. Which one of the following is an advantage of the direct method of health care coverage:
   A) salaries and hospital budgets are ideal
   B) incentive for high productivity
   C) efficient use of paramedical staff
367. Health insurance will be better distributed among the population if:
   A) the low income rural areas use the resources more and the high income urban areas use the resources less
   B) the low income rural areas use the resources less and the high income urban areas use the resources more
   C) both the low income rural areas and the high income urban areas use the resources more
368. The effect of the insurance system can be evaluated in terms of:
   A) The distribution of financial costs over the population
   B) The efficiency of these services, that is the provision of care at least cost
   C) All of the above
369. The three principal types of insurance are:
   A) government insurance, hospital insurance, employer-based insurance
   B) government insurance, private insurance, employer-based insurance
   C) hospital insurance, private insurance, employer-based insurance
370. Insurance markets suffer from market failures particularly those associated with:
   A) moral hazardous
   B) adverse selection
   C) all of the above
371. The main criticisms of budgetary procedures include all of the following except:
   A) expenditure records are often available for use in budgeting, with adequate accounting systems
   B) it is difficult to formulate budgets that help to achieve the governments objectives because the objectives are not clearly specified
   C) the budget system is often ignored by planners, although budgets have a crucial on allocation of patterns.
372. The main criticisms of budgetary procedures include all of the following except:
   A) budgeting is often a completely separate activity from planning
   B) budgeting is often a non-centralized procedure, every manager feels responsible
   C) budgeting has been established as a form of expenditure control, not in support of planning activities
373. The essential feature of 'programme planning' is:
   A) its accomplishments are specified in terms of physical outputs and unit costs
   B) it focuses on the importance of things to be acquired such as manpower, supplies
   C) it focuses on the importance of work to be done, or service to be provided
374. Point out a basic element of programme budgeting:
   A) classifying expenditures by input oriented programmes, supplies necessary to accomplish the task
   B) using the out-put oriented programmes as a framework for planning and monitoring progress towards objectives
   C) all of the above
375. 'Programme budgeting' is best described as:
   A) a planning procedure
   B) a budgeting procedure
   C) a framework that links planning and budgeting
376. The programme structure within the programme budget for health can be based on which of the following classification systems:
   A) disease categories (e.g. vector-borne and diarrhoeal diseases)
   B) target groups (e.g. lower income groups, unemployed)
   C) all of the above
377. The programme structure within the programme budget for health can be based on which of the following classification systems:
   A) client goups (e.g. physically disabled, mentally ill)
   B) fashion groups (e.g. dress codes, taste in music)
   C) all of the above
378. Programme budget information helps in what way:
   A) predicting the probable future weather conditions of a particular site or area
   B) to evaluate whether a new plan will improve resource allocation
   C) to investigate causes of epidemic outbreaks and contain the cases
379. Alternative budgetary reforms of existing budgetary procedures that could strengthen the budget process are:
   A) centralization of budgetary control (e.g. to the urban centres)
   B) re-structuring of budgets to reflect the de-centralized approach
   C) all of the above
380. What is 'zero-based' budgeting:
   A) establishing budgets on a 'basic needs basis'
   B) planning without the employment of expenditures
   C) not having a budget plan
381. Financial planning assists in which of the following elements of the planning process for the health system:
   A) determining the duration of visiting hours for the hospitalized
   B) monitoring budgets and controlling expenditure
   C) planning the correct treatment for diabetic patients
382. Financial planning has both a long-term and a short-term component, which statement best describes these components.
   A) short-term financial planning mainly focuses on the implementation of detailed plans into action
   B) short-term financial planning provides a framework for affordable policies that will carry the project through to the end
   C) long-term financial planning mainly focuses on implementation of detailed plans into action
383. The approach to financial planning for the Managerial Process for National Health Development (MPNHD) includes:
   A) programme budgeting
   B) covering insurance
   C) all of the above
384. The approach to financial planning for the Managerial Process for National Health Development (MPNHD) includes:
   A) formulation of national health policies
   B) evaluation of development health strategies
   C) all of the above
385. Four main steps are involved in the development of the Financial Master Plan (FMP), these are:
   A) establishing a base line- expenditure estimates- cost estimates- reconciling cost and expenditure
   B) establishing a base line- expenditure estimates- income estimates- reconciling income and expenditure
   C) establishing a base line- profit estimates- income estimates- reconciling income and profit
386. How may the long-term financial plan differ from the master financial plan:
   A) it may not be orientated to purpose achievement
   B) it may take a shorter life span
   C) it may distribute itself to many elements of the health sector
387. What is Economic evaluation:
   A) the therapeutic consequences of a treatment in real world conditions
   B) a comparative analysis of two or more alternatives in terms of their costs and consequences
   C) the assessment of the robustness of study results through systemic variation of key variables
388. what is Incremental cost:
   A) the extra cost of one extra unit of product or service delivered
   B) the cost of pain of pain or suffering as a result of illness or treatment
   C) the additional cost that one service or programme imposes over another
389. Major issues arising from the consideration of long-term financial planning include:
   A) should the expenditure projections be based on health programmes or on health facilities
   B) which health department is responsible for the framework
   C) all of the above
390. With regard to the issues arising from long-term planning, there is a need for:
   A) simplicity and rigidity
   B) simplicity and flexibility
   C) complexity and flexibility
391. The common problems for most countries in their health policy include all except:
   A) utility cost
   B) misallocation
   C) inequity
392. What is the relevance of encouraging diversity and competition in improving the health system:
   A) to provide universal care for the population
   B) to offer a variety of health service choices for their providers
   C) to make sure quality care is not available to all
393. The general policy in the field of health care in developing countries includes all except:
   A) bureaucratization and centralization of the health services system
   B) assurance of accessibility of health care for all segments of the population
   C) development of appropriate capacity building based on assessed needs
394. What effect does income per capital generally have on life expectancy of a country:
   A) the higher the income per capital, the lower the life expectancy
   B) the lower the income per capital, the higher the life expectancy
   C) the higher the income per capital, the higher the life expectancy
395. What can the government do in response to the problems faced in the health systems
   A) controlling costs
   B) promoting competition
   C) all of the above
396. Governments can promote diversity and competition in their provision of health and insurance by adopting policies that:
   A) discourage private insurance services outside the essential package
   B) encourage suppliers to deliver clinical services and provide input.
   C) conceal information on provider performance
397. Which one of the following is NOT a priority of the policy of health care in developing countries:
   A) providing special attention to the health needs of victims of natural disasters
   B) bureaucratization and centralizing of the health services
   C) the promotion of occupational health and safety
398. Which one of the following is NOT a priority of the policy of health care in developing countries:
   A) the control of communicable diseases, epidemics and poor living conditions
   B) providing special attention to the health needs of those in the forefront of productivity
   C) providing better insurance for the high class population
399. What role does education have in strengthening household capacity:
   A) prevention of health risks
   B) practice better domestic hygiene
   C) all of the above
400. What is Cost effectiveness analysis:
   A) a type of economic evaluation that measures therapeutic effects in physical or natural units and compares effectiveness
   B) a type of economic evaluation that finds the lowest cost programme among those shown to be equal benefit
   C) a type of economic evaluatio that measures costs and benefits in monetary units and computes a net gain or loss