Общая хирургия англ
001. In the operational block allocate the following zones:
1. а. first zone; б. second zone; в. zone of a limited mode; г. zone of an all-hospital mode
2. а. zone of strictly mode; б. zone of very strictly mode; в. zone of a hospital mode; г. zone of a limited mode
3. а. zone of strictly mode; б. zone not limited mode; в. sterile zone; г. zone of a limited mode
4. в. sterile zone; б. zone of strictly mode; в. zone of a limited mode; г. zone of an all-hospital mode
002. The Endogenous infection can get into a wound:
1. hematogenous way
2. airborne way
3. implantation way
4. contact way
5. all listed truly
003. Direct control methods over sterility treats:
1. bacteriological research
2. Mikulich's test
3. research of substances with high temperature of melting
4. use of contact thermometers
5. benzidine test
004. What type of cleaning operational does not exist:
1. the preliminary
2. the continuous
3. the current
4. the final
5. the general
005. The purulent wound is trained by a tampon with hypertensive solution of table salt. What look antiseptics it is used:
1. the chemical
2. the biological
3. the mechanical
4. the physical
5. the mixed
006. That treats mechanical antiseptics:
1. wound irrigation solution of hydrogen of peroxide
2. drainage wounds gauze tampon
3. removal from a wound of impractical tissues
4. extremity immobilization plaster bandage
007. What of below listed means do not carry to biological antiseptics:
1. vaccines
2. specific serums
3. antibiotics
4. sulphanylamids
008. What physical properties are based on an active drainage:
1. high pressure
2. a difference of temperatures in drainage system
3. artificial creation of vacuum effect
4. creation of flowing system
09. Processing of hands of the surgeon by "Pervomur" lasts during:
1. 1 minutes
2. 2 minutes
3. 3 minutes
010. In what of techniques of processing of hands of the surgeon liquid ammonia is used:
1. way of Spasokukotsky-Kochergin
2. in S-4 solution (pervomur.
3. way of Alfeld
011. As the way of processing of an operational field is called, at which: the operational field is moistened widely by 1 % solution iodinate, the place of operation is direct isolate sterile linen and again grease 1 % solution iodinate, before and after suture skin is processed also by 1 % solution iodinate:
1. Filonchikova-Grossikh
2. Bakkala
3. Spasokukotsky-Kochergin
012. Pervomur consists of the following components
1. formalin + carbolic acid
2. corrosive sublimate + alcohol ethyl
3. ant acid + hydrogen peroxide
013. Local anesthesia according to A.V.Vishnevsky belongs to the next way of anesthesia:
1. the terminal
2. infiltration
3. epidural
4. conduction
014. During operation performance under local anesthesia sensitivity remains:
1. the tactile
2. the temperature
3. the painful
4. temperature and tactile
015. For performance of intercostals anesthesia of 1-2 % новокаин enter:
1. at the upper edge of an edge
2. at bottom edge of an edge
3. at the edge middle
016. At what level usually carry out a puncture at spinal anesthesia:
1. L3 - L4
2. L2-L3
3. L1 - L2 is more often
017. The surgical stage at a radio anesthesia is subdivided into three levels:
1. yes
2. no
018. Premedication - special medicamentous preparation of the patient for an anesthesia is led for: А. prevention of a preoperative stress; B. braking of undesirable reflex reactions from wandering nerves; В. reduction of secretion of mucous membranes of respiratory ways; Г. strengthening of anesthetic and analgesic properties of narcotic substances:
1. a, c
2. a, b, c
3. a, b
4. all answers are correct
019. The general anesthesia treats:
1. cold
2. the contact
3. infiltration
4. conduction
5. endotracheal
020. At overdose of narcotic substances by the AVL best method is:
1. Silvester
2. "mouth" in "mouth"
3. the hardware
4. Nilson
5. Ambu's bag
021. What bleedings distinguish on anatomic classification?
1. primary, secondary
2. the hidden internal, hidden external
3. arterial, venous, capillary, parenchymatous
4. early, late
5. external, internal
022. On what groups bleeding symptoms share?
1. local, the general
2. obvious, hidden
3. external, internal
4. primary, secondary
5. individual, multiple
023. Specify a characteristic symptom of gastric bleeding:
1. tarry chair
2. vomiting with fresh clots of blood
3. vomiting "a coffee thick"
4. cough with foamy scarlet blood
5. liquid chair
024. Everything treat methods of a temporary stop of bleeding, except:
1. vessel bandagings in a wound
2. plait imposings
3. imposings of a styptic clip
4. imposings of a pressing bandage
5. manual pressing of a vessel on an extent
025. In blood of the person of the III blood type on AB0 system contain аgglutinigen:
1. А1
2. B
3. АВ
4. 0
5. А2
026. In what ratio it is necessary to mix standard haemagglyutinatic serums and erythrocytes of studied blood at definition of blood types:
1. 1:1
2. 1:2
3. 1:3
4. 1:10
5. 1:20
027. What amount of blood joins once at carrying out 3 multiple biological tests:
А. 100 ml
Б. 50 ml
В. 15 ml
Г. 5-15 ml
Д. 5 ml.
028. The absolute indication to blood transfusion is:
1. hypoproteinosis
2. massive interoperation blood loss
3. alimentary dystrophy
4. immunity stimulation
5. chronic anemia
029. Criteria of efficiency of resuscitation actions does not treat:
1. teaching of integuments
2. pupil narrowing
3. increase the AP to 70-80 mm hg.
4. pupil expansion, absence of reaction to light
5. restoration of work of heart
030. The most effective method of artificial ventilation of lungs is:
1. Silvestre's reception
2. use of the respiratory device
3. reception «a mouth in a mouth»
4. Labott's reception
5. Nilson's reception
031. The purpose of massage of heart is:
1. blood circulation creation, restoration of work of heart
2. restoration diuresis
3. consciousness restoration
4. restoration of function of kidneys
5. elimination of metabolic acidosis
032. Operative access to heart for carrying out direct massage:
1. on the average line of a stomach
2. in the IV intercostals space to the right of a breast
3. in the VII intercostals space to the left of a breast
4. from the average and axillary line to paravertebral at the left
5. in the IV intercostals space to the left of a breast
033. The purpose of palliative operation is:
1. diagnosis specification
2. complete treatment of the patient
3. simplification of a condition of the patient
4. determination of severity of a condition of the patient
5. specification of indications to radical operation
034. Emergency operation is not:
1. a laparotomy at a rupture of a spleen
2. cranial trepanation at a subdural hematoma
3. A traсheostomy at throat hypostasis
4. a stomach resection at a stenosis of the gatekeeper
5. stitch wounds of heart at its wound
035. Intestines preparation in the presurgical period provides appointment:
1. expectorant drugs
2. low-roughage [low-residue] diet
3. enteral [tube] feeding
4. cleaning enemas
5. colds on a stomach
036. Prevention of suppuration of an operational wound:
1. frequent seams on a wound
2. absorbable stitches for the wound
3. wound drainage
4. physiotherapy exercises
5. tight bandage
037. The task of the postoperative period is not:
1. prevention of postoperative complications
2. treatment of postoperative complications
3. increase of bed-days
4. the acceleration of the recovery
5. vocational rehabilitation
038. The method of active maintaining the patient in the postoperative period does not mean:
1. early activity of the patient in a bed
2. physiotherapy exercises
3. respiratory gymnastics
4. early food
5. long confinement to bed
039. Complications associated with bleeding disorders, patients in the postoperative period does not include:
1. the syndrome of disseminated vascular coagulation
2. thrombosis
3. thromboembolism
4. bleeding
5. cramps
040. Prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications after operations includes:
1. the bondage of the lower extremities elastic bandage
2. the use of anticoagulants
3. the use of antiplatelet
4. early rising
5. all the above
041. Algover's shock index is the relation:
1. systolic pressure to the diastolic
2. diastolic pressure to the systolic
3. pulse rates to frequency of breath
4. frequencies of breath to pulse rate
5. pulse rates to systolic pressure
042. When increasing the cranial haematoma required:
1. emergency operation and dehydration therapy
2. symptomatic and dehydration therapy
3. symptomatic treatment and in the absence of effects - operation
4. antibacterial and symptomatic therapy
5. blood transfusion
043. At the closed abdominal trauma and damage of a hollow organ in the first place symptoms:
1. bleeding
2. pneumothorax
3. of peritoneal irritation
4. crepitation
5. dullness of percussion sound
044. For further diagnosis of intraabdominal bleeding at a stupid trauma of a stomach is used:
1. laparocentesis with catheter
2. x-rays of the abdomen
3. barium enema
4. gastroduodenoscopy
5. excretory urography
045. Some of the symptoms of an absolutely reliable for fracture?
1. the tenderness
2. swelling in the injured area
3. crepitation of fragments
4. the bruise
046. To clarify the type of fracture and displacement of bone fragments x-rays are conducted:
1. in direct projection
2. in the lateral projection
3. in direct and lateral projection
4. no matter
047. Fracture is considered open if:
1. is there any wound on the same segment in the projection of fracture
2. there is any wound on adjacent areas of the body
3. only when standing bone fragments in the wound
4. not imposed aseptic bandage
048. Dislocation most often meets:
1. bottom jaw
2. clavicles
3. shoulder
4. hips
5. in an ankle joint
049. Transport immobilization provides:
1. prevention of the development and deepening of traumatic shock
2. the reduction of bone fragments
3. stop bleeding
4. the asepsis wounds in open fractures
050. Which of the following is not a technique of osteosynthesis?
1. intramedullary
2. extramedullary
3. neocolony compression-distraction
4. simultaneously
051. The spoke for skeletal traction at the turn of the diaphysis hip carried out through:
1. the patella
2. the lower third of the diaphysis hips
3. the tuberosity of the tibia
4. all of the above is true
052. When extramedullary osteosynthesis fixing design include:
1. in the bone marrow channel
2. outside of the zone of fracture
3. on the bone
4. all of the above correctly
053. The area of a burn of both bottom extremities by "a rule of the nine" makes to:
1. 9 %;
2. 18 %;
3. 27 %;
4. 36 %;
5. 45 %.
054. Eliminate incorrectly specified current stage of burn disease:
1. burn shock;
2. severe toxemia;
3. acute renal failure;
4. septicotoxemia or sepsis;
5. recovery.
055. The amount of first aid for burns assumes all except:
1. the introduction of anesthetics;
2. the blending of dry aseptic bandage;
3. overlay ointment dressing;
4. prevention of asphyxia when burns of the upper respiratory tract;
5. organization of delivery in the hospital.
056. Specify the main types of surgical treatment of burn wounds
1. necrotomy
2. necrectomie
3. autodermoplasty
4. all of the above
057. For the transport of immobilization is used:
1. bus Kuzminsky
2. bus Capitol records
3. bus Kramer
4. tire CITO
058. Occlusive dressing used for:
1. arterial bleeding
2. the fractured ribs
3. valve pneumothorax
4. open pneumothora
059. Desmurgy, the section of medicine studying:
1. types of bandages
2. to equipment of imposing of bandages
3. purposes of imposing of bandages
4. all answers are true
060. Indications for a cast:
1. damage to large vessels and nerves
2. burns and frostbite
3. immobilization fractures
4. gangrene limbs
061. Which of the following is not considered to endoscopic methods of research?
1. bronchoscopy
2. barium enema
3. esophagogastroscopy
4. colonoscopy
5. sigmoidoscopy
062. Suspected perforation of the hollow body of the main method of the research is:
1. colonoscopy
2. review roentgenography of organs of abdominal cavity in a vertical position
3. ultrasound
4. barium enema
5. gastroscopy
063. To x-ray methods of the research include all except:
1. x-ray
2. computer tomography
3. fluoro
4. fluoroscopy
5. magneto-resonance tomography
064. To study the function of the kidneys use all methods, except:
1. radionuclide scanning
2. laparoscopy
3. angiography
4. intravenous urography
5. the biochemical analysis of blood
065. What is called the wound?
1. any damage, accompanied by the violation of the integrity of any organ and tissue
2. any damage, accompanied by violation of the integrity of skin
3. any damage to body tissues, with a violation of the integrity of epithelial tissue
066. What terms of carrying out late primary surgical processing?
1. first 12 h.
2. first 24 h.
3. 24-48 h. from the trauma moment
4. 48-72 h.
5. more than 72 h.
067. The imposition early secondary sutures is?
1. in phase of inflammation
2. in the regeneration phase
3. in the phase of formation of scar tissue and epithelization
068. A tertiary tension wounds heal:
1. operational at aseptic operations
2. purulent wounds
3. the wounds healing under a scab
069. What is the name of cellulitis mediastinum
1. mediastina
2. paraproctitis
3. parametric
4. parabolic
5. phlegmonous adenitis
070. Typical localization gidradenit:
1. armpit
2. the area nipples women
3. on the back
4. the occipital region
071. Retroperitoneal phlegmon reveal the section:
1. Shevkunenko
2. to Pirogov
3. Mac-Burney
4. The Volkovich - Diakonova
5. Ivanov
072. Purulent pericarditis called primary after:
1. wounded heart, pericardium
2. intrathoracic operations
3. due to purulent mediastinitis
4. all the above
073. Furuncle upper lip dangerous:
1. development of peritonitis
2. development of an inflammation of the pleura
3. the sagittal vein thrombosis, venous sinus
4. development of the submandibular lymphadenitis
5. development of mumps
074. The abscess is called:
1. acute purulent inflammation of the sebaceous glands
2. acute purulent inflammation more hair follicles
3. purulent inflammation of the apocrine glands
4. a limited collection of pus in the tissues or organs
5. spilled inflammation subcutaneous fat
1. the presence of red stripes along the lymphatic vessels
2. hyperemia skin with clear boundaries
3. swelling of the skin
4. petechial rash
5. increase of lymph nodes
076. Pathological process in erisipeloid is localized:
1. fingers
2. forearm
3. their toes
4. the person
5. the shins
077. Specify the primary event in introducing pleurisy:
1. drainage of the pleural cavity
2. the imposition of artificial pneumothorax
3. hirudotherapy
4. banks, mustard
078. Which of the pathological processes cannot be called purulent pleurisy:
1. empyema
2. limited inflammation of the parietal and visceral pleura
3. diffuse inflammation of the parietal and visceral pleura
4. a limited collection of pus in lung tissue
5. all of the above
079. For the terminal stage of peritonitis is characterized by:
1. the pain
2. "the face of Hippocrates"
3. the symptom of " deathly silence"
4. positive symptom Shchetkina-Blomberg
5. all the above
080. Tactics surgeon at peritonitis:
1. expectant and planned operation
2. emergency operation
3. conservative treatment
4. hyperbaric oxygen therapy and pharmacotherapy
5. hemosorption and antibiotic therapy
081. What is called acute osteomyelitis?
1. purulent inflammation of the fascial spaces limbs
2. purulent inflammation of the joint capsule
3. tuberculous lesions of the vertebrae
4. purulent inflammation of bone marrow
5. specific inflammation of bone
082. The early symptoms of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis include all except:
1. pain in legs
2. General malaise
3. chills
4. high temperature
5. phlegmon subcutaneous tissue
083. After subcutaneous panaritium because of the rapid circulation disorders identified the following symptoms
1. the skin of the finger black
2. itching
3. throbbing pain
084. Pandectist is an inflammation:
1. all phalanges
2. subcutaneous tissue phalanges
3. all tissues fingers
085. In what sequence developing sepsis?
1. sepsis, toxemia, pyosepticemia
2. pyosepticemia, toxemia, sepsis
3. toxemia, sepsis, pyosepticemia
4. toxemia, pyosepticemia, sepsis
086. Everything, except can be a source of surgical sepsis:
1. deep burn
2. the closed change
3. wounds
4. anthrax of the person
5. peritonitis
087. What is the most important at sepsis treatment?
1. strict confinement to bed
2. careful collecting anamnesis
3. treatment of an accompanying disease
4. elimination of primary center
5. identification of a hereditary factor
088. The causative agent of tetanus causes a disease, getting into an organism through:
1. the damaged serous cover of a gut
2. the injured skin or mucous
3. top respiratory ways
089. Intermittent claudication is at:
1. postthrombotic syndrome
2. obliterating endarteritis
3. arthritis
4. osteomyelitis
5. thrombophlebitis
090. The symptoms of femoral artery occlusion include all except:
1. absence of pulsation
2. cooling limbs
3. pain
4. hyperemia limbs
5. loss of sensation in the limbs
091. Embolism may not be caused by:
1. a blood clot
2. air
3. fat
4. bone atomcom
5. a colony of germs
092. Blue phlegmasia is the iliac vein thrombosis, accompanied by:
1. persistent spasm of the arteries
2. thrombosis just venous channel of the lower extremities
3. obliterating endarteritis
093. The cancer develops from:
1. unripe connecting tissues
2. glandular or surface epithelium
3. blood vessels
4. lymph nodes
5. smooth or cross-striped muscles
094. What is characteristic for a good-quality tumor?
1. rapid growth
2. Infiltration growth
3. bent to recurrence after operation
4. lack of ability to give metastasises
5. sharp influence on a metabolism
095. The parasitic disease caused can demand surgical treatment:
1. actynomycetis
2. pinworm
3. echinococcus
4. cysticercosus
5. giardiasis
096. Infection of the person аскаридами occurs at:
1. asepsis violation during injections
2. casual damages of integuments
3. inhalation of eggs of a parasite with a dust
4. swallowing eggs of a parasite with food
5. damages mucous mouth
097. The autoplasty is a change:
1. fabrics from an animal to the person
2. lifeless substratum
3. fabrics from the person to other person
4. change of own tissues of the person to it
5. removal of the become lifeless transplant
098. As the special device for a fence of the split skin rag is called:
1. Dermatol
2. epilator
3. secateurs
4. klipator
5. Dermatom
099. What cause of death is not medical contra-indication to a removal of organs and fabrics for transplantation?
1. sharp poisoning
2. tuberculosis
3. myocardial infarction
4. AIDS
5. malignant tumors
100. Criterion of death of a brain of the donor is everything, except:
1. deep netreflector coma
2. lack of a cough reflex at an endotracheal suction
3. full central paralysis of breath
4. isoelectric line by electroencephalography
5. the sharp decrease the intracranial circulation